Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease.Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum (treponema pallidum), the prevalence of long duration and early invasive genital and skin, and the late violation of the body organs, and gave birth to a variety of signs and symptoms, the lesions almost involving the various body organs. Syphilis through sexual intercourse each other in the population spread can be transmitted from mother to the fetus, endangering the next generation. Very few patients through kissing, breast-feeding, then transmitted by infectious damage to the patient's everyday. Sexually transmitted diseases, the number of syphilis prevalence is low, but because of its longer duration, and caused great harm, should be attention.
Syphilis - diseases ProfileAn infectious disease caused by the treponema pallidum. Mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse, is a kind of sexually transmitted diseases. 3: (1) a syphilis. The chancre, the incubation period of 2 to 4 weeks, the external genitalia dark red hard lumps, shallow ulcers, cartilage-like hardness, the surrounding lymph nodes. ② secondary syphilis. 1 to 2 months after a syphilis, body skin, mucous membrane occurred symmetric generalized rash, rash, pimples, impetigo. Mucosa can occur mucosal spots, condyloma, infectious. ③ three Syphilis. 2 to 3 years or even 10 years after infection, the skin is kind of swollen gums, can also involve the bones, joints, heart, blood vessels, showing aortitis, aortic regurgitation and aortic aneurysm, invasion, and nervous as tabes, general paralysis (paralytic dementia). Congenital syphilis Early congenital syphilis, which is equivalent to two the day after tomorrow, but heavier. Late congenital syphilis and acquired similar, but rarely to the heart, blood vessels, and neuropathy. Substantive keratitis, nerve deafness, Hutchinson's teeth (incisors central cut marks, small, tolerant and equal), saber-shaped tibia. Between the phases may have latent syphilis, asymptomatic, only seropositive. The therapeutic use of penicillin or erythromycin, tetracycline, etc..
Syphilis is a systemic, chronic infectious diseases, syphilis, tied for the world's three major chronic infectious diseases. There are many versions about the origin and spread of syphilis (syphilis), according to Western scholars believe that in the 15th century before European syphilis. 1492 Columbus sailed to America, some of the sailors had sexual relations with the Inter-American women, the sailors returned to Europe, the disease spread to Italy, Spain. 1494 French King Charles VIII of the world to raise of more than thirty million people in the countries soldiers expedition to Italy, syphilis is spreading in Italy, when the siege of Napoli, the barracks of the syphilis pandemic. 1495 of these soldiers with syphilis after returning home, resulting in the European syphilis epidemic. Some people think that in 1488, the Portuguese fleet syphilis brought to India. Some scholars believe that the 1498 Columbus fleet around the Cape of Good Hope and reached India. Infected with syphilis crew arrive, syphilis also to India. Through business dealings, syphilis has also entered the Chinese .1505 discovery and account of syphilis cases in Guangdong Province first, since, syphilis begins along the coast to the mainland in China, spreading to the high incidence rate, ranking the first of sexually transmitted diseases. After the liberation, the party and the government effectively banned brothels prohibit prostitution activities, a wide range of survey and treatment for sexually transmitted diseases was in 1959 essentially eliminated syphilis. Since the 1970s, with the development of society, sexually transmitted diseases in China back from the dead, especially the incidence of syphilis has increased substantially, the incidence has risen sharply.
Syphilis - Syphilis etiology
The causative agent of syphilis is a spirochete, Treponema pallidum is a small and slim spiral-shaped micro-organisms, the length of 5-20nm diameter <0.2nm. 6-12 spiral invisible under the light microscope dark field, people can only see the refraction of the Treponema pallidum activities. 4-6 flagella fine fibers in the front end, the end was curly. Not been the impact of external factors, the spiral is the rule. Because of its not easy coloring, also known as treponema pallidum. Treponema pallidum is the anaerobic bacteria, in vivo long-term survival and reproduction, as long as the conditions are right, then into two transverse fracture to propagate. Not easy to survive in vitro, boiling, dry, soapy water and disinfectant (such as mercuric chloride, phenol, alcohol, etc.) it is easy to kill it.
(1) of Treponema pallidum
Also known as the pale spirochete (Treponemiapallidum, TP), in 1905. Taxonomy is the spirochete body mesh (Spirochaetales) the Treponema Branch (Treponemataceae,), Treponema genus Genus Treponema. Bacterial slender, 6 to 12 spiral with evenly long 5 ~ 20μm, average length of 6 ~ 10μ m diameter 0.15μm up and down, movement slow and regular laboratory commonly used dye is not easy coloring, available darkfield microscopy or phase contrast microscopy to observe the bacteria. Cultured in vitro is difficult inoculated rabbit testicular available to the spirochete.
2. Immunity
Infection immunity after infection, specific IgM antibodies 2 weeks after infection, this antibody can not pass through the placenta; 4 weeks after infection, specific IgG antibodies through the placenta. Complete cure of early syphilis infection. In addition, the TP destroy human tissue, enabling organizations to release an antigenic heart lipase, stimulating the body to produce reagin, RPR, USR, VDRL, and other methods can be detected after the chancre appeared in 5 to 7 weeks after infection TP 3 turnover positive.
3. Resistance
The low vitality of human external memory lost infectivity at 40 ° C, 56 ° C 3 ~ 5 minutes, boiling immediate death; can survive for several hours on a wet daily, intolerant of drying. Soap and common disinfectants (70% alcohol, 0.1% phenol, 0,1% mercuric chloride, etc.) sensitive to low temperature.
Syphilis - infectious conditionsWith Treponema pallidum in patients with syphilis of the skin, mucous membranes, not ill in contact with syphilis, skin or mucous membranes are subject to minor damage can get sick. Very few can be transmitted through blood transfusions or other means. Acquired syphilis (acquired) early syphilis patients is a source of infection, 95% by the unclean sexual intercourse, a few by kissing, shaking hands, blood transfusions, contact with contaminated underwear, wet towels, cups, pipe, breastfeeding, diapers and other infections. Fetal syphilis (congenital): pregnant women spirochete, generally through the placenta and infect the baby in the pregnancy 3-4 months.
Syphilis, there are a lot of dispute about the origin and spread of syphilis (syphilis), according to Western scholars believe that in the 15th century before European syphilis. 1492 Columbus sailed to America, some of the sailors had sexual relations with the Inter-American women, the sailors returned to Europe, the disease spread to Italy, Spain. 1494 French King Charles VIII of the world to raise of more than thirty million people in the countries soldiers expedition to Italy, syphilis is spreading in Italy, when the siege of Napoli, the barracks of the syphilis pandemic. 1495 of these soldiers with syphilis after returning home, resulting in the European syphilis epidemic. Some people think that in 1488, the Portuguese fleet syphilis brought to India. Some scholars believe that the 1498 Columbus fleet around the Cape of Good Hope and reached India. Infected with syphilis crew arrive, syphilis also to India.
The causative agent of syphilis is a spirochete, it can exist in the chancre of syphilis in patients with skin and mucous membranes, skin rashes, body fluids. Intercourse with healthy people, the spirochete with the secretions into the broken skin and mucous membranes healthy volunteers (even if it is very subtle invisible to the naked eye injury), leaving the contacts were infected, Very few through blood transfusion or contact with contaminated items of Treponema pallidum being infected. Mother with syphilis can pass the fetus. Medically known as Treponema pallidum (Tre-ponemapalidum) 1905 by French scientists Schaudinn and Hoffmanu, to discover and report.
Treponema pallidum is a small and slim spiral-shaped micro-organisms, a length of 5-20nm diameter <0.2nm. 6-12 spiral invisible under the light microscope dark field, people can only see the refraction of the Treponema pallidum activities. 4-6 flagella fine fibers in the front end, the end was curly. Not been the impact of external factors, the spiral is the rule. Because of its not easy coloring, also known as treponema pallidum.
Treponema pallidum is the anaerobic bacteria, in vivo long-term survival and reproduction, as long as the conditions are right, then into two transverse fracture to propagate. Not easy to survive in vitro, boiling, dry, soapy water and disinfectant (such as mercuric chloride, phenol, alcohol, etc.) it is easy to kill it.
Syphilis infectious disease of prolonged decreases. One, two patients with syphilis are infectious, their skin and mucous membrane damage at a large number of Treponema pallidum; patients with early-latent syphilis is infectious. Course of more than 2 years, syphilis, infectious waning and has not been the course of the treatment of syphilis in more than 2 years, women's sexual contacts, generally will not be infected. The longer the duration, the smaller the infectious, disease duration of more than 8 years, very small infectious.
Syphilis - the basic lesionMeningitis refers to the proliferation of small artery endothelial cells and fibroblasts, an obliterative endarteritis and perivascular inflammation occlusive arterial wall thickening, vascular stenosis and occlusion. Small periarteritis Circuit pipe of monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Plasma cell constant is one of the pathological features of the disease.
2, kind of swollen gums gum-like swelling (gumma), also known as gumma (syphiloma). Lesions in gray, sizes, only to see the size from microscopic to several centimeters. The quality of the granuloma is tough and flexible, such as gum, hence the name kind of swollen gums. Microscopic structure resembling tuberculous nodules, the central coagulation necrosis, the morphology similar to caseous necrosis, necrosis CD better than the completely caseous necrosis, elastic fibers still be saved. Visible within the organization of the elastic fiber staining of the original contour of the vessel wall. Necrosis surrounded by granulation tissue rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells, epithelioid cells and Langerhans giant cells, and there must be occlusive artery endarteritis and periarteritis. This is the morphological characteristics different from the typical tuberculous nodules. Late kind of swollen gums can be absorbed, fibrosis, and finally the organ deformation, but rarely calcification and tuberculosis nodules completely different.
Syphilis kind of swollen gums can occur in any organ, most commonly in the skin, mucous membranes, liver, bone and testis. Vasculitis seen in the stages of syphilis, and kind of swollen gums is seen in the third phase of syphilis.
Syphilis, there are a lot of dispute about the origin and spread of syphilis (syphilis), according to Western scholars believe that in the 15th century before European syphilis. 1492 Columbus sailed to America, some of the sailors had sexual relations with the Inter-American women, the sailors returned to Europe, the disease spread to Italy, Spain. 1494 French King Charles VIII of the world to raise of more than thirty million people in the countries soldiers expedition to Italy, syphilis is spreading in Italy, when the siege of Napoli, the barracks of the syphilis pandemic. 1495 of these soldiers with syphilis after returning home, resulting in the European syphilis epidemic. Some people think that in 1488, the Portuguese fleet syphilis brought to India. Some scholars believe that the 1498 Columbus fleet around the Cape of Good Hope and reached India. Infected with syphilis crew arrive, syphilis also to India.
The causative agent of syphilis is a spirochete, it can exist in the chancre of syphilis in patients with skin and mucous membranes, skin rashes, body fluids. Intercourse with healthy people, the spirochete with the secretions into the broken skin and mucous membranes healthy volunteers (even if it is very subtle invisible to the naked eye injury), leaving the contacts were infected, Very few through blood transfusion or contact with contaminated items of Treponema pallidum being infected. Mother with syphilis can pass the fetus. Medically known as Treponema pallidum (Tre-ponemapalidum) 1905 by French scientists Schaudinn and Hoffmanu, to discover and report.
Treponema pallidum is a small and slim spiral-shaped micro-organisms, a length of 5-20nm diameter <0.2nm. 6-12 spiral invisible under the light microscope dark field, people can only see the refraction of the Treponema pallidum activities. 4-6 flagella fine fibers in the front end, the end was curly. Not been the impact of external factors, the spiral is the rule. Because of its not easy coloring, also known as treponema pallidum.
Treponema pallidum is the anaerobic bacteria, in vivo long-term survival and reproduction, as long as the conditions are right, then into two transverse fracture to propagate. Not easy to survive in vitro, boiling, dry, soapy water and disinfectant (such as mercuric chloride, phenol, alcohol, etc.) it is easy to kill it.
Syphilis infectious disease of prolonged decreases. One, two patients with syphilis are infectious, their skin and mucous membrane damage at a large number of Treponema pallidum; patients with early-latent syphilis is infectious. Course of more than 2 years, syphilis, infectious waning and has not been the course of the treatment of syphilis in more than 2 years, women's sexual contacts, generally will not be infected. The longer the duration, the smaller the infectious, disease duration of more than 8 years, very small infectious.
Syphilis - the basic lesionMeningitis refers to the proliferation of small artery endothelial cells and fibroblasts, an obliterative endarteritis and perivascular inflammation occlusive arterial wall thickening, vascular stenosis and occlusion. Small periarteritis Circuit pipe of monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells. Plasma cell constant is one of the pathological features of the disease.
2, kind of swollen gums gum-like swelling (gumma), also known as gumma (syphiloma). Lesions in gray, sizes, only to see the size from microscopic to several centimeters. The quality of the granuloma is tough and flexible, such as gum, hence the name kind of swollen gums. Microscopic structure resembling tuberculous nodules, the central coagulation necrosis, the morphology similar to caseous necrosis, necrosis CD better than the completely caseous necrosis, elastic fibers still be saved. Visible within the organization of the elastic fiber staining of the original contour of the vessel wall. Necrosis surrounded by granulation tissue rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells, epithelioid cells and Langerhans giant cells, and there must be occlusive artery endarteritis and periarteritis. This is the morphological characteristics different from the typical tuberculous nodules. Late kind of swollen gums can be absorbed, fibrosis, and finally the organ deformation, but rarely calcification and tuberculosis nodules completely different.
Syphilis kind of swollen gums can occur in any organ, most commonly in the skin, mucous membranes, liver, bone and testis. Vasculitis seen in the stages of syphilis, and kind of swollen gums is seen in the third phase of syphilis.
Syphilis - staging classificationA natural history of syphilis and installments (see below)7 to 60 days, 4 to 6 weeks, the second latentA syphilis ─ TP infection ─ ─ ─ ─ → the chancre ─ ─ ─ → subsided ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┬ → secondary syphilis│ │ average 1 ~ 2 weeks 2 to 4 weeks │ ││ │ ├ ─ ─ ─ → proximal lymph nodes ─ ┘│ │ ├ 2 ~ 3 weeks ┐
│ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ 5 to 7 weeks ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┴ → RPR (+)│↓ 6 weeks to 6 months (3 months)Secondary syphilis ─ TP after infection ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ → syphilis and skin adnexal change│ Chancriform eliminate three to four weeks after specific rash flat warts, swollen lymph nodes → Late│↓ 2 years and above
Late syphilis - the TP after infection ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ → late syphilis and multiple organs and organizations of the damage (chronic granulomatous).
Syphilis - Clinical manifestationsFirst, acquired syphilis
Points early syphilis and late syphilis. Early syphilis, the disease within two years after infection, including a syphilis and secondary syphilis, late syphilis, stage of disease more than two years after infection, namely, tertiary syphilis.
A syphilis: in three weeks after infection (10-30 days). Infection at a hard, painless, round nodules. Flushing, wet, gradually rupture, erosion, formation of ulcers, a syphilis chancre. Major damage to the chancre of the invasion of Treponema pallidum initially, and reproduction in this due. The typical chancre is a painless red induration and touch as hard as cartilage, clean substrate surface erosion covered with little exudate or thin crust, neat edge. Damage to the number of mostly single, but also for multiple. Well occur in the genitalia. The men in the foreskin of the penis, coronary sulcus, glans, or the Department of belt. Gay men often occurred in the Ministry of the anus and rectum. Women occurred in the medial parts of the size of the labia minora may also occur in the cervix, etc.. Bilateral inguinal lymph node enlargement, but not pain. The infected person through kissing, the chancre can occur on the lips, lower jaw and tongue and other parts may also occur in the eyelids, fingers and breasts, etc., and sometimes before the healing of the chancre is not associated with other sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonococcal dermatitis. A syphilitic chancre, there are a lot of plum spirochetes, often accompanied by local lymph nodes. Is highly contagious. Chancre for 2-6 weeks after spontaneous regression without leaving a scar. Parts but women chancre is more subtle and asymptomatic, often neglect to increase the chance of spreading. A syphilis is not treated or not treated properly, the blood line of the spirochete and the lymph nodes spread throughout the body, after a few weeks to develop into secondary syphilis.
Secondary syphilis: untreated patients, usually 6 weeks to 6 months after infection can occur in secondary syphilis. Is due to a syphilis chancre of Treponema pallidum by the lymphatic vessels to reach lymph nodes, spread through the blood circulation the body caused by Early may have fever, fatigue, headache, sore throat, muscle pain, joint pain, anorexia and other systemic symptoms. More than half of patients with lymphadenopathy and sometimes hepatosplenomegaly. Blood like leukocytosis, anemia and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. About 70% of the patients presented with rash, called syphilis. Syphilis may have a variety of different manifestations of the general distribution of symmetric broad, no itching.
(1) spotted syphilis (roseola). This is the first syphilis rash, red, brown or pigmentation roseola, and more started to occur first in the trunk. The subsequent development of the limbs, hands and foot. Erythema was round, the basic symmetric distribution on palms and soles. Syphilis is commonly known as "bayberry large sores sake.
(2) papular type syphilis. This is due to the progression of some rashes can be thickened to evolve into papules. Occur in the trunk, buttocks, legs, hands, foot and face, etc.. May show a rash, pimples, papules, scaly, ring, psoriasis, like damage.
(3) flat condyloma. This is the Ministry of external genitalia, anus, skin folds and moist parts of the papules. Damage manifested as smooth, hypertrophic, flat, flat surface covered with a gray film contains a lot of Treponema pallidum. The condyloma infectious syphilis than the other two.
(4) approximately 30% of patients with oral mucosal lesions, called mucosal plaques. Damage surface was covered with a gray film, contains a lot of Treponema pallidum.
Secondary syphilis course of the disease can be patchy or diffuse hair loss. General hair loss can heal itself. Secondary syphilis can sometimes endanger the nervous system, bones, eyes and other organs. The signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis: generally last several weeks, it will subside on their own, such as not been treated, l - 2 years often relapse.
Secondary syphilis manifested as a generalized rash. Which is characterized by an objective can see obviously, can have low-grade fever, headache, flu-like symptoms of sore throat, joint dull. The highly infectious, can naturally improve as latent syphilis.
Tertiary syphilis: the emergence of more than two years after infection. There are several:
(1) late benign syphilis. The basic damage gumma may be an inflammatory reaction of Treponema pallidum antigen, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Under a microscope, the damage of active granulomatous lesions, the old damage is extensive fibrosis. In the gumma generally can not find the Treponema pallidum. Such inflammation may be an infringement of any organ, but most commonly affects the skin and bones. Skin damage the performance of the dermis or subcutaneous nodules, ulcerative nodules, and gumma. Nodules often occur on the face, trunk and limbs, were clustered distribution asymmetric, painless, slow progress, and gradually develop ulcers. Ulcers generally start from the central slow-healing and scar formation. Induration of skin gumma was single, and gradually increased infiltration block, after the collapse of the formation of ulcers, and some regions in the course of self-healing legacy to scar formation. Such as the involvement of the oral mucosa and nasal mucosa can lead to nasal septum and soft palate, perforation, bone damage periostitis, bone gumma.
(2) cardiovascular syphilis. Can aortitis, aortic insufficiency, aortic aneurysm.
(3) neurosyphilis. Tabes, paralytic dementia, optic atrophy.
Second, congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis from mother to fetus through the placenta, often lead to premature delivery and stillbirth.
Early congenital syphilis. The symptoms occurred less than two years old. Mainly rhinitis, pharyngitis, weight loss, insomnia, lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly, osteochondritis, pseudo-paralysis can also performance. The skin and mucous membrane damage performance Papulosquamous or scar rash, flat warts, mucosal plaques.
Late congenital syphilis. Symptoms occur more than two years old. Performance substantive keratitis, saddle nose, saber tibia, syphilis teeth (Hutchinson), nerve deafness and other. Other general and three acquired syphilis.
Latent syphilis (latent syphilis). Untreated secondary syphilis, the signs and symptoms can often spontaneous regression of the asymptomatic period, called the incubation period. Such as lack of treatment, patients may relapse, recurrence generally more than two years. Patients within two years referred to as early latent syphilis. More than two years in patients referred to as late latent syphilis. Late latent syphilis is rare recurrence, but pregnant women may still fetal transmission. Latent syphilis in addition to sero-positive without any symptoms.
Latent syphilis, although asymptomatic, mediated spirochete continue to lurk the vital organs in the body, and after a few years or even decades, tertiary syphilis, such as eye, nose damage, cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis, mental disorders and even death. After the pregnancy of the female patients with syphilis, Treponema pallidum by maternal blood to the placenta, after the destruction of the placenta to fetus. 6-7 weeks of pregnancy when the fetus is infected, miscarriage, stillbirth, premature. Child transmission of syphilis children, skin, bones, teeth, liver and spleen and other organs of syphilis injury, gradually manifested in the 2 years after birth, severe blindness, brain damage. VDRL is the main method for the diagnosis of syphilis. A syphilis hard rickets, the serum test may be negative at this time desirable chancre exudation of fluid or groin lymph puncture liquid put the glass to see the movement of spirochetes state to diagnosis. To chancre after half of the high positive rate of serum test
│ └ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ 5 to 7 weeks ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ┴ → RPR (+)│↓ 6 weeks to 6 months (3 months)Secondary syphilis ─ TP after infection ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ → syphilis and skin adnexal change│ Chancriform eliminate three to four weeks after specific rash flat warts, swollen lymph nodes → Late│↓ 2 years and above
Late syphilis - the TP after infection ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ ─ → late syphilis and multiple organs and organizations of the damage (chronic granulomatous).
Syphilis - Clinical manifestationsFirst, acquired syphilis
Points early syphilis and late syphilis. Early syphilis, the disease within two years after infection, including a syphilis and secondary syphilis, late syphilis, stage of disease more than two years after infection, namely, tertiary syphilis.
A syphilis: in three weeks after infection (10-30 days). Infection at a hard, painless, round nodules. Flushing, wet, gradually rupture, erosion, formation of ulcers, a syphilis chancre. Major damage to the chancre of the invasion of Treponema pallidum initially, and reproduction in this due. The typical chancre is a painless red induration and touch as hard as cartilage, clean substrate surface erosion covered with little exudate or thin crust, neat edge. Damage to the number of mostly single, but also for multiple. Well occur in the genitalia. The men in the foreskin of the penis, coronary sulcus, glans, or the Department of belt. Gay men often occurred in the Ministry of the anus and rectum. Women occurred in the medial parts of the size of the labia minora may also occur in the cervix, etc.. Bilateral inguinal lymph node enlargement, but not pain. The infected person through kissing, the chancre can occur on the lips, lower jaw and tongue and other parts may also occur in the eyelids, fingers and breasts, etc., and sometimes before the healing of the chancre is not associated with other sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonococcal dermatitis. A syphilitic chancre, there are a lot of plum spirochetes, often accompanied by local lymph nodes. Is highly contagious. Chancre for 2-6 weeks after spontaneous regression without leaving a scar. Parts but women chancre is more subtle and asymptomatic, often neglect to increase the chance of spreading. A syphilis is not treated or not treated properly, the blood line of the spirochete and the lymph nodes spread throughout the body, after a few weeks to develop into secondary syphilis.
Secondary syphilis: untreated patients, usually 6 weeks to 6 months after infection can occur in secondary syphilis. Is due to a syphilis chancre of Treponema pallidum by the lymphatic vessels to reach lymph nodes, spread through the blood circulation the body caused by Early may have fever, fatigue, headache, sore throat, muscle pain, joint pain, anorexia and other systemic symptoms. More than half of patients with lymphadenopathy and sometimes hepatosplenomegaly. Blood like leukocytosis, anemia and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. About 70% of the patients presented with rash, called syphilis. Syphilis may have a variety of different manifestations of the general distribution of symmetric broad, no itching.
(1) spotted syphilis (roseola). This is the first syphilis rash, red, brown or pigmentation roseola, and more started to occur first in the trunk. The subsequent development of the limbs, hands and foot. Erythema was round, the basic symmetric distribution on palms and soles. Syphilis is commonly known as "bayberry large sores sake.
(2) papular type syphilis. This is due to the progression of some rashes can be thickened to evolve into papules. Occur in the trunk, buttocks, legs, hands, foot and face, etc.. May show a rash, pimples, papules, scaly, ring, psoriasis, like damage.
(3) flat condyloma. This is the Ministry of external genitalia, anus, skin folds and moist parts of the papules. Damage manifested as smooth, hypertrophic, flat, flat surface covered with a gray film contains a lot of Treponema pallidum. The condyloma infectious syphilis than the other two.
(4) approximately 30% of patients with oral mucosal lesions, called mucosal plaques. Damage surface was covered with a gray film, contains a lot of Treponema pallidum.
Secondary syphilis course of the disease can be patchy or diffuse hair loss. General hair loss can heal itself. Secondary syphilis can sometimes endanger the nervous system, bones, eyes and other organs. The signs and symptoms of secondary syphilis: generally last several weeks, it will subside on their own, such as not been treated, l - 2 years often relapse.
Secondary syphilis manifested as a generalized rash. Which is characterized by an objective can see obviously, can have low-grade fever, headache, flu-like symptoms of sore throat, joint dull. The highly infectious, can naturally improve as latent syphilis.
Tertiary syphilis: the emergence of more than two years after infection. There are several:
(1) late benign syphilis. The basic damage gumma may be an inflammatory reaction of Treponema pallidum antigen, its pathogenesis is still unclear. Under a microscope, the damage of active granulomatous lesions, the old damage is extensive fibrosis. In the gumma generally can not find the Treponema pallidum. Such inflammation may be an infringement of any organ, but most commonly affects the skin and bones. Skin damage the performance of the dermis or subcutaneous nodules, ulcerative nodules, and gumma. Nodules often occur on the face, trunk and limbs, were clustered distribution asymmetric, painless, slow progress, and gradually develop ulcers. Ulcers generally start from the central slow-healing and scar formation. Induration of skin gumma was single, and gradually increased infiltration block, after the collapse of the formation of ulcers, and some regions in the course of self-healing legacy to scar formation. Such as the involvement of the oral mucosa and nasal mucosa can lead to nasal septum and soft palate, perforation, bone damage periostitis, bone gumma.
(2) cardiovascular syphilis. Can aortitis, aortic insufficiency, aortic aneurysm.
(3) neurosyphilis. Tabes, paralytic dementia, optic atrophy.
Second, congenital syphilis
Congenital syphilis from mother to fetus through the placenta, often lead to premature delivery and stillbirth.
Early congenital syphilis. The symptoms occurred less than two years old. Mainly rhinitis, pharyngitis, weight loss, insomnia, lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly, osteochondritis, pseudo-paralysis can also performance. The skin and mucous membrane damage performance Papulosquamous or scar rash, flat warts, mucosal plaques.
Late congenital syphilis. Symptoms occur more than two years old. Performance substantive keratitis, saddle nose, saber tibia, syphilis teeth (Hutchinson), nerve deafness and other. Other general and three acquired syphilis.
Latent syphilis (latent syphilis). Untreated secondary syphilis, the signs and symptoms can often spontaneous regression of the asymptomatic period, called the incubation period. Such as lack of treatment, patients may relapse, recurrence generally more than two years. Patients within two years referred to as early latent syphilis. More than two years in patients referred to as late latent syphilis. Late latent syphilis is rare recurrence, but pregnant women may still fetal transmission. Latent syphilis in addition to sero-positive without any symptoms.
Latent syphilis, although asymptomatic, mediated spirochete continue to lurk the vital organs in the body, and after a few years or even decades, tertiary syphilis, such as eye, nose damage, cardiovascular syphilis, neurosyphilis, mental disorders and even death. After the pregnancy of the female patients with syphilis, Treponema pallidum by maternal blood to the placenta, after the destruction of the placenta to fetus. 6-7 weeks of pregnancy when the fetus is infected, miscarriage, stillbirth, premature. Child transmission of syphilis children, skin, bones, teeth, liver and spleen and other organs of syphilis injury, gradually manifested in the 2 years after birth, severe blindness, brain damage. VDRL is the main method for the diagnosis of syphilis. A syphilis hard rickets, the serum test may be negative at this time desirable chancre exudation of fluid or groin lymph puncture liquid put the glass to see the movement of spirochetes state to diagnosis. To chancre after half of the high positive rate of serum test
.Syphilis - Syphilis treatmentThe treatment of syphilis is now mainly to the western medicine since penicillin used for the treatment of syphilis wonders, Chinese medicine is not as the primary medical treatment, but
Play a supporting role, that the following is a brief introduction of western medicine to treat different stages of syphilis:(A) early syphilis (including one, two syphilis and early latent syphilis)
1, penicillin therapy
(1) benzathine penicillin G (long-acting amoxicillin), 2.4 million u points on both sides of the buttocks intramuscular injection once a week for a total of 2 or 3 times.
(2), procaine penicillin G80 million u / day, intramuscular injection, 10 to 15 days in a row, total 8 million u ~ 12 million u.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin
(1) tetracycline hydrochloride 500mg, 4 times / day, orally, and even served 15 days.
(2) doxycycline 100mg, 2 times / day, and even served 15 days.
(B) late syphilis (including three of the skin, mucous membranes, bone syphilis, late latent syphilis) and two recurrent syphilis.
1, penicillin
Benzathine penicillin G240 Wan u (1) 1 times / week, intramuscular injection, a total of three times.
(2), procaine penicillin G80 million u / day, intramuscularly for 20 consecutive days.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin
(1) tetracycline hydrochloride 500mg, 4 times / day, orally, and even served 30 days.
(2) doxycycline 100mg, 2 times / day, and even served 30 days.
(C) cardiovascular syphilis
Hospitalization, if heart failure, the first treatment of heart failure, cardiac function to be compensatory, start small dose of penicillin, such as aqueous penicillin G, the first day of 100 000 u / day, intramuscular injection. The second day of the 100 000 u / day, intramuscular injection, on the third day 200 000 u / day, intramuscular injection. Since the 4th treatment as follows (in order to avoid Jihai Shi response may be the day before penicillin injection oral prednisone 20mg / 1 times / day for 3 consecutive days).
1 procaine penicillin G80u / day, intramuscularly, for 15 consecutive days for treatment, two-treatment, treatment between two weeks off drug.
Tetracycline 500mg 4 times / day, and even served 30 days.
(D) of neurosyphilis
Hospitalization Jihai Shi response to avoid treatment, oral prednisone, the day before the injection of penicillin each 20mg / day for 3 consecutive days.
1, aqueous penicillin G, 12 million a day u, intravenous (four hours per two million u), for 14 consecutive days.
2, procaine penicillin G, 1.2 million a day u, intramuscular injection, oral probenecid each 0.5g, 4 times / day for 10 to 14 days. Necessary, and then benzathine penicillin G, 240 000 u, 1 times / week, intramuscularly for 3 consecutive weeks.
(E) pregnancy syphilis
1, procaine penicillin G 800,000 U / day, intramuscularly for 10 consecutive days. Three months of pregnancy early injection treatment, injection of a course of three months late pregnancy.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin, erythromycin therapy, 500mg each, 4 times / day, early regret poison with serving 15 days, two recurrence and late syphilis and even served 30 days. 3 months early pregnancy and 3 months of pregnancy at the end of each a course of (disabled tetracycline). Application of penicillin to fill Babies born to rule.
(F) fetal transmission of syphilis (congenital syphilis)
An early congenital syphilis (less than 2 years old) with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid:
(1) aqueous penicillin G, 50,000 U / kg body weight, 2 times a day intravenous drip of 10 to 14 days.
(2) procaine penicillin G, 50,000 U a day / kg body weight, intramuscular injection for 10 days to 14 days.
Cerebrospinal fluid of normal: benzathine penicillin G, 50,000 U / kg body weight, the first injection (divided both sides of the gluteus). Such as unconditional examination of cerebrospinal fluid can be abnormal cerebrospinal fluid therapy.
And late congenital syphilis (2 years)
Procaine penicillin G, 50,000 U a day / kg body weight, intramuscular injection for 10 consecutive days for one course (does not exceed adult dose).
Children under the age of eight disabled tetracycline.
Congenital syphilis who are allergic to penicillin, erythromycin therapy, 7.5 ~ 12.5mg/kg of body weight daily, 4 service points, and even served 30 days.
Should pay attention to the treatment of syphilis, the diagnosis of syphilis must be clear, the sooner the better treatment, the dose must be sufficient, a course of treatment must be the rule, to follow up after treatment. Deal with the source of infection and sexual companion or sexual contact for inspection and treatment of syphilis treatment.
(F) of pregnant women for syphilis treatment matters
A married women with a history of syphilis in pregnancy is certainly comprehensive syphilis
Dirty sex life or have been infected with syphilis, the women plan to become pregnant, it is best to go to the hospital for regular comprehensive syphilis, syphilis treatment is completed, syphilis obvious symptoms of married women have to determine the syphilis is completely cured after in order to become pregnant.
Syphilis testing items should include syphilis screening test (such as VSR or RPR test), syphilis testing and FTAABS or TPHA test, any result is positive for the need to use the shower the plum flowers and other drugs continue to syphilis treatment.
If syphilis in pregnant women in the 3 months of pregnancy test results still negative, you need to re-treatment; 3 end of the pregnancy serological test is positive, more in need of treatment of syphilis.
Two healthy pregnant women during pregnancy syphilis treatment matters
The health of pregnant women infected with syphilis during pregnancy, when the serum test results may be negative, three months in late pregnancy must be given prompt treatment of syphilis.
How to determine the syphilis is completely treated
Syphilis after treatment, how to determine whether healed? It is usually to be judged by the detection of syphilis serology, major hospitals used the RPR (rapid plasma reagin test) and TPHA (Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test).
Non-specific syphilis serology test, commonly used in early diagnosis of syphilis, latent syphilis, neurosyphilis is not sensitive. The TPHA specific Treponema pallidum antibodies in serum have a higher sensitivity and specificity. This Law detection positive, regardless of treatment or not or whether disease activity, usually for life to maintain a positive constant, independent of whether the activities of its titer and syphilis, it can not be used as the evaluation of efficacy or to determine relapse and reinfection of the index can only be used as syphilis confirmatory test.
Where the diagnosis of syphilis before treatment is best to do a quantitative test. Two changes in the quantitative test titer difference of more than two dilutions in order to determine the titer. Syphilis patients after regular treatment after the first three months should be a monthly review time of RPR titers can be changed after the review once every three months, the RPR, the second year of three months or every six months one of RPR to observation and comparison with previous RPR titer when the second. Therefore, the follow-up observation after the treatment of patients with syphilis is generally two years. If each test of the RPR titer showing a declining trend in anti-Mei treatment is effective. If three consecutive four test results are negative, you can think of the patients with syphilis has been cured.
Syphilis patients after anti-Mei treatment, the serum response is generally three kinds of possibilities for change:(1) serum conversion.(2) lower serum titer negative, or serum resistance.(3) showed that the serum response relapse.
Of syphilis received treatment of different drugs, sero-negative rate can be a difference. Early syphilis receive any anti plum drug therapy, serum negative rate are high, usually up to 70% to 95% in one year, the individual reports of up to 100%. When the 6 months after treatment of early syphilis formal anti-plum, or formal anti-plum of late syphilis treatment after 12 months, the serum response remained positive, clinically known as serum resistance or serum fixed, the cause may be related to the body are still potential of active lesions in patients with immunity lasting against plum therapeutic dose, or resistant to factors. Three the syphilis substantive neurosyphilis (tabes, paralytic dementia) even after long-term formal treatment of anti-Mei, there are still 50% to 80% of patients the serum resistance. Early diagnosis and treatment, foot treatment is the best means to avoid serum resistin.
If syphilis patients received less than the amount of resistance to plum treatment, the serum response in a temporary negative soon after became positive, the titer increased 4 times (for example, rose from 1:2 to 1:8), namely that serum recurrence, we can see, there is a close relationship to formal anti-Mei treatment in sufficient quantities or not with serum recurrence.
In summary, the treatment should be early syphilis formal sufficient quantities of RPR titer before and after comparison of the observed anti-Mei treatment efficacy
Play a supporting role, that the following is a brief introduction of western medicine to treat different stages of syphilis:(A) early syphilis (including one, two syphilis and early latent syphilis)
1, penicillin therapy
(1) benzathine penicillin G (long-acting amoxicillin), 2.4 million u points on both sides of the buttocks intramuscular injection once a week for a total of 2 or 3 times.
(2), procaine penicillin G80 million u / day, intramuscular injection, 10 to 15 days in a row, total 8 million u ~ 12 million u.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin
(1) tetracycline hydrochloride 500mg, 4 times / day, orally, and even served 15 days.
(2) doxycycline 100mg, 2 times / day, and even served 15 days.
(B) late syphilis (including three of the skin, mucous membranes, bone syphilis, late latent syphilis) and two recurrent syphilis.
1, penicillin
Benzathine penicillin G240 Wan u (1) 1 times / week, intramuscular injection, a total of three times.
(2), procaine penicillin G80 million u / day, intramuscularly for 20 consecutive days.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin
(1) tetracycline hydrochloride 500mg, 4 times / day, orally, and even served 30 days.
(2) doxycycline 100mg, 2 times / day, and even served 30 days.
(C) cardiovascular syphilis
Hospitalization, if heart failure, the first treatment of heart failure, cardiac function to be compensatory, start small dose of penicillin, such as aqueous penicillin G, the first day of 100 000 u / day, intramuscular injection. The second day of the 100 000 u / day, intramuscular injection, on the third day 200 000 u / day, intramuscular injection. Since the 4th treatment as follows (in order to avoid Jihai Shi response may be the day before penicillin injection oral prednisone 20mg / 1 times / day for 3 consecutive days).
1 procaine penicillin G80u / day, intramuscularly, for 15 consecutive days for treatment, two-treatment, treatment between two weeks off drug.
Tetracycline 500mg 4 times / day, and even served 30 days.
(D) of neurosyphilis
Hospitalization Jihai Shi response to avoid treatment, oral prednisone, the day before the injection of penicillin each 20mg / day for 3 consecutive days.
1, aqueous penicillin G, 12 million a day u, intravenous (four hours per two million u), for 14 consecutive days.
2, procaine penicillin G, 1.2 million a day u, intramuscular injection, oral probenecid each 0.5g, 4 times / day for 10 to 14 days. Necessary, and then benzathine penicillin G, 240 000 u, 1 times / week, intramuscularly for 3 consecutive weeks.
(E) pregnancy syphilis
1, procaine penicillin G 800,000 U / day, intramuscularly for 10 consecutive days. Three months of pregnancy early injection treatment, injection of a course of three months late pregnancy.
2, those who are allergic to penicillin, erythromycin therapy, 500mg each, 4 times / day, early regret poison with serving 15 days, two recurrence and late syphilis and even served 30 days. 3 months early pregnancy and 3 months of pregnancy at the end of each a course of (disabled tetracycline). Application of penicillin to fill Babies born to rule.
(F) fetal transmission of syphilis (congenital syphilis)
An early congenital syphilis (less than 2 years old) with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid:
(1) aqueous penicillin G, 50,000 U / kg body weight, 2 times a day intravenous drip of 10 to 14 days.
(2) procaine penicillin G, 50,000 U a day / kg body weight, intramuscular injection for 10 days to 14 days.
Cerebrospinal fluid of normal: benzathine penicillin G, 50,000 U / kg body weight, the first injection (divided both sides of the gluteus). Such as unconditional examination of cerebrospinal fluid can be abnormal cerebrospinal fluid therapy.
And late congenital syphilis (2 years)
Procaine penicillin G, 50,000 U a day / kg body weight, intramuscular injection for 10 consecutive days for one course (does not exceed adult dose).
Children under the age of eight disabled tetracycline.
Congenital syphilis who are allergic to penicillin, erythromycin therapy, 7.5 ~ 12.5mg/kg of body weight daily, 4 service points, and even served 30 days.
Should pay attention to the treatment of syphilis, the diagnosis of syphilis must be clear, the sooner the better treatment, the dose must be sufficient, a course of treatment must be the rule, to follow up after treatment. Deal with the source of infection and sexual companion or sexual contact for inspection and treatment of syphilis treatment.
(F) of pregnant women for syphilis treatment matters
A married women with a history of syphilis in pregnancy is certainly comprehensive syphilis
Dirty sex life or have been infected with syphilis, the women plan to become pregnant, it is best to go to the hospital for regular comprehensive syphilis, syphilis treatment is completed, syphilis obvious symptoms of married women have to determine the syphilis is completely cured after in order to become pregnant.
Syphilis testing items should include syphilis screening test (such as VSR or RPR test), syphilis testing and FTAABS or TPHA test, any result is positive for the need to use the shower the plum flowers and other drugs continue to syphilis treatment.
If syphilis in pregnant women in the 3 months of pregnancy test results still negative, you need to re-treatment; 3 end of the pregnancy serological test is positive, more in need of treatment of syphilis.
Two healthy pregnant women during pregnancy syphilis treatment matters
The health of pregnant women infected with syphilis during pregnancy, when the serum test results may be negative, three months in late pregnancy must be given prompt treatment of syphilis.
How to determine the syphilis is completely treated
Syphilis after treatment, how to determine whether healed? It is usually to be judged by the detection of syphilis serology, major hospitals used the RPR (rapid plasma reagin test) and TPHA (Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test).
Non-specific syphilis serology test, commonly used in early diagnosis of syphilis, latent syphilis, neurosyphilis is not sensitive. The TPHA specific Treponema pallidum antibodies in serum have a higher sensitivity and specificity. This Law detection positive, regardless of treatment or not or whether disease activity, usually for life to maintain a positive constant, independent of whether the activities of its titer and syphilis, it can not be used as the evaluation of efficacy or to determine relapse and reinfection of the index can only be used as syphilis confirmatory test.
Where the diagnosis of syphilis before treatment is best to do a quantitative test. Two changes in the quantitative test titer difference of more than two dilutions in order to determine the titer. Syphilis patients after regular treatment after the first three months should be a monthly review time of RPR titers can be changed after the review once every three months, the RPR, the second year of three months or every six months one of RPR to observation and comparison with previous RPR titer when the second. Therefore, the follow-up observation after the treatment of patients with syphilis is generally two years. If each test of the RPR titer showing a declining trend in anti-Mei treatment is effective. If three consecutive four test results are negative, you can think of the patients with syphilis has been cured.
Syphilis patients after anti-Mei treatment, the serum response is generally three kinds of possibilities for change:(1) serum conversion.(2) lower serum titer negative, or serum resistance.(3) showed that the serum response relapse.
Of syphilis received treatment of different drugs, sero-negative rate can be a difference. Early syphilis receive any anti plum drug therapy, serum negative rate are high, usually up to 70% to 95% in one year, the individual reports of up to 100%. When the 6 months after treatment of early syphilis formal anti-plum, or formal anti-plum of late syphilis treatment after 12 months, the serum response remained positive, clinically known as serum resistance or serum fixed, the cause may be related to the body are still potential of active lesions in patients with immunity lasting against plum therapeutic dose, or resistant to factors. Three the syphilis substantive neurosyphilis (tabes, paralytic dementia) even after long-term formal treatment of anti-Mei, there are still 50% to 80% of patients the serum resistance. Early diagnosis and treatment, foot treatment is the best means to avoid serum resistin.
If syphilis patients received less than the amount of resistance to plum treatment, the serum response in a temporary negative soon after became positive, the titer increased 4 times (for example, rose from 1:2 to 1:8), namely that serum recurrence, we can see, there is a close relationship to formal anti-Mei treatment in sufficient quantities or not with serum recurrence.
In summary, the treatment should be early syphilis formal sufficient quantities of RPR titer before and after comparison of the observed anti-Mei treatment efficacy
Syphilis - the standard cure(A) early syphilis
Review every three months in the first year after treatment, after every six months, including clinical and serological examination, 2 to 3 years without recurrence may terminate the follow-up. If you find that the recurrence of symptoms, serum recurrence of a double-dose treatment. Such as serum response fixed, but clinical recurrence, cerebrospinal fluid examination should be done to rule out asymptomatic neurosyphilis.
(B) late syphilis and late latent syphilis
The first year of a two-monthly review, the second year every six months, three years later to do the cerebrospinal fluid examination to determine whether to terminate observation. Three years later, if the cerebrospinal fluid test normal, then the termination of the observation.
(C) cardiovascular syphilis and neurosyphilis
Specialist should be responsible for follow-up for life.
(D) pregnancy syphilis
After treatment before delivery should be checked monthly syphilis reaction, general syphilis were followed up after delivery. To observe the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women, infants born to sero-negative until the onset of symptoms, immediate treatment. Infants born to untreated syphilis in pregnant women, should be considered for examination and treatment.
Syphilis because of the long duration of late but also to the organizer of the patient's Palace cause irreversible damage, thus requiring patients to active treatment. In addition, a strong secondary syphilis, infectious syphilis in patients with early attention to the pathogens do not infect others.
(1) treatment should adhere to the early, the principle of sufficient quantities of medication. The killing effect of penicillin on Treponema pallidum, the side effects is small, as long as with the physicians to adhere to treatment, you will receive to reduce complications, cure disease, and early recovery of health. During treatment, their spouses also need to be checked, if necessary, treated. Require periodic review to cure, recurrence of symptoms, the antibiotic dosage should be increased.
(2) pay attention to the details of life to prevent infecting others: there is a strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection. Own underwear, towels, wash separately, sterilized by boiling, and not with others in the same basin and bath. Chancre in the genital, perianal condyloma, you can use Qingrejiedu, the dehumidification insecticidal herbal medicine Jianshui Fumigation Bath.
(3) patients with early syphilis requires the prohibition of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also avoid sex life, must use condoms when sexual contact occurs. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
(4) the occurrence of secondary syphilis will appear systemic reactions, this time to stay in bed. Duration of illness was attention to nutrition, strengthening the immune system.
(5) The duration of the illness should not be pregnant. If the patients with pregnancy, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Whether to retain the fetus, according to the wishes of the pregnant women.
Review every three months in the first year after treatment, after every six months, including clinical and serological examination, 2 to 3 years without recurrence may terminate the follow-up. If you find that the recurrence of symptoms, serum recurrence of a double-dose treatment. Such as serum response fixed, but clinical recurrence, cerebrospinal fluid examination should be done to rule out asymptomatic neurosyphilis.
(B) late syphilis and late latent syphilis
The first year of a two-monthly review, the second year every six months, three years later to do the cerebrospinal fluid examination to determine whether to terminate observation. Three years later, if the cerebrospinal fluid test normal, then the termination of the observation.
(C) cardiovascular syphilis and neurosyphilis
Specialist should be responsible for follow-up for life.
(D) pregnancy syphilis
After treatment before delivery should be checked monthly syphilis reaction, general syphilis were followed up after delivery. To observe the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women, infants born to sero-negative until the onset of symptoms, immediate treatment. Infants born to untreated syphilis in pregnant women, should be considered for examination and treatment.
Syphilis because of the long duration of late but also to the organizer of the patient's Palace cause irreversible damage, thus requiring patients to active treatment. In addition, a strong secondary syphilis, infectious syphilis in patients with early attention to the pathogens do not infect others.
(1) treatment should adhere to the early, the principle of sufficient quantities of medication. The killing effect of penicillin on Treponema pallidum, the side effects is small, as long as with the physicians to adhere to treatment, you will receive to reduce complications, cure disease, and early recovery of health. During treatment, their spouses also need to be checked, if necessary, treated. Require periodic review to cure, recurrence of symptoms, the antibiotic dosage should be increased.
(2) pay attention to the details of life to prevent infecting others: there is a strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection. Own underwear, towels, wash separately, sterilized by boiling, and not with others in the same basin and bath. Chancre in the genital, perianal condyloma, you can use Qingrejiedu, the dehumidification insecticidal herbal medicine Jianshui Fumigation Bath.
(3) patients with early syphilis requires the prohibition of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also avoid sex life, must use condoms when sexual contact occurs. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
(4) the occurrence of secondary syphilis will appear systemic reactions, this time to stay in bed. Duration of illness was attention to nutrition, strengthening the immune system.
(5) The duration of the illness should not be pregnant. If the patients with pregnancy, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Whether to retain the fetus, according to the wishes of the pregnant women.
Syphilis - diet therapy
Square one
Composition: 120 g of Sophora japonica, appropriate amount of liquor.
Usage: Sophora japonica fried into the wine two, fried dozen boiling hot clothes.
Indications: syphilis.
Side two
Consists of: ginger, Po root amount.
Usage: pounded for external application.
Indications: The transverse fatigue rupture, eventually becoming shut, the shape of the fish head, also known as fish mouth
Side three
Composed of: ginger, 300 g soil Fu Bodhisattva 300 g, Sophora 100 grams.
Usage: Jiantang wash.
Indications:
Syphilis since the beginning
Square one
Composition: 120 g of Sophora japonica, appropriate amount of liquor.
Usage: Sophora japonica fried into the wine two, fried dozen boiling hot clothes.
Indications: syphilis.
Side two
Consists of: ginger, Po root amount.
Usage: pounded for external application.
Indications: The transverse fatigue rupture, eventually becoming shut, the shape of the fish head, also known as fish mouth
Side three
Composed of: ginger, 300 g soil Fu Bodhisattva 300 g, Sophora 100 grams.
Usage: Jiantang wash.
Indications:
Syphilis since the beginning
.
Syphilis - Chinese medicineIn ancient China, doctors have syphilis occur, the development and diagnosis and treatment have a better understanding of the accumulation of many effective unilateral prescription for plum
Drug treatment to make a contribution. The advent of penicillin treatment of syphilis have a cure. The use of antibiotics at the same time, the types of Chinese herbal medicine with the treatment, will play a supporting role to alleviate the condition, and strengthen the patient's health, promote heal. The following were introduced several oral side of experience and the experience side of foreign rule.Prescription ① (sexual behavior and sexually transmitted disease "): Smilax glabra 15 g, 30 g Silver Flower, Clematis 10 g fresh white skin 10 grams, 5 grams of raw licorice decoction, one day, three weeks for a course of treatment.
② The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): Yinhua 45 g, 45 g of soil Fuling, dandelion 30 grams, 20 grams astragalus, 20 grams of Coix seed, red bean, 20 grams, 10 grams of gentian purslane 10 g 10 g, cocklebur, and herb for 10 grams, 3 grams of Greater galbanum, Plantago (including fried) 15 g with chancre vaginal sores, plus 3 grams of baby tea; Spleen blood loss and Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Angelica 10 g 10 g; yin and the kidney essence deficiency and Epimedium, Schisandra, Dodder. Shuijianbi day 1. This side effect: Tory, detoxification and dampness. Stages of syphilis.
6 g prescription ("sexually transmitted diseases, skin diseases unique secret trick"): Cork 6 g, 6 g of Scutellaria, 6 grams of Plantago, independent living, 6 g 6 g, cloves, red lady 6 g, 6 g Shan Jia Chu, iris, herb for 6 g, with 6 g Chuan Long Yi 6 g 6 g Lappula, 12 grams of raw land, soil Fuling 30 grams, 30 grams of long-nosed pit viper, 9 g Digupi 30 grams of Arctium Akebia 9 g Angelica 9 grams, 9 grams of rhubarb, pollen 9 grams of black and white ugly each 18 grams of, large maple sub-meat 12 g spot Spanish fly (go head and foot) 21 grams of, centipede (go head and foot) two first spot beetle, the red lady of glutinous rice and a little with the fry beige for the degree to m not. Nosed pit viper to the scales, together on the drug research to fine, 15 days standby with 1000 ml of wine dipping. 2 times daily service, each serving 30 to 45 ml, morning and evening hours service. In syphilis is not radical, toxic invasion of the bones, the whole body joints pain.
Prescription ④ (the Chinese STD treatment study "): Smilax glabra 1500 grams - 500 grams of astragalus, angelica Poria decoction of 400 g of first soil to take astragalus, angelica mix Wei Chao, dry grinding for the end of the honey for the pills. 15 grams each, three times a day.
⑤ The prescription (Dermatology Venereology unique secret trick "): Smilax glabra 30 grams, 10 grams Chuanxiong, Platycodon 12 grams, 30 grams of astragalus, 15 grams of peony, 6 grams of rhubarb, raw licorice 6 grams Shuijianbi day one , morning and evening hours service. For about 10 weeks after the onset of syphilis infection, fever, headache, sore throat and other systemic symptoms appear systemic many rash sores characterized to.
⑥ The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): Smilax glabra, 180 grams, honeysuckle 60 grams, 30 grams of licorice a daily water. This has the effect of clearing away heat and suitable for treatment with sufficient quantities of western medicine, while syphilis seropositive fixed,.
External parties:
① The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): 5000 grams, Chinese cabbage, washed and cut into 3 cm long segments of the end of 2000 grams of the green salt stratified scatter in the dishes, sealed one week after squeezing the juice plus Ammoniac 10 g, 100 g of calcined gypsum powder, stir well and refrigerate. Every day to paint the affected area 1-2 times.
Prescription ② ("TCM treatment for venereal disease study"): 60 grams of realgar, frankincense 60 grams Treats 30 g for a total fine, mix it with water deposited, swollen at the self-extinction.
Prescription ③ (in traditional Chinese medicine treatment for venereal disease): 30 grams of the herb, Chuanjiao 9 grams the Jianshui into the tank, the affected area the Guankou hot smoked, semi-hot pour drugs basin leaching affected area dry with clean cloth
Drug treatment to make a contribution. The advent of penicillin treatment of syphilis have a cure. The use of antibiotics at the same time, the types of Chinese herbal medicine with the treatment, will play a supporting role to alleviate the condition, and strengthen the patient's health, promote heal. The following were introduced several oral side of experience and the experience side of foreign rule.Prescription ① (sexual behavior and sexually transmitted disease "): Smilax glabra 15 g, 30 g Silver Flower, Clematis 10 g fresh white skin 10 grams, 5 grams of raw licorice decoction, one day, three weeks for a course of treatment.
② The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): Yinhua 45 g, 45 g of soil Fuling, dandelion 30 grams, 20 grams astragalus, 20 grams of Coix seed, red bean, 20 grams, 10 grams of gentian purslane 10 g 10 g, cocklebur, and herb for 10 grams, 3 grams of Greater galbanum, Plantago (including fried) 15 g with chancre vaginal sores, plus 3 grams of baby tea; Spleen blood loss and Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Angelica 10 g 10 g; yin and the kidney essence deficiency and Epimedium, Schisandra, Dodder. Shuijianbi day 1. This side effect: Tory, detoxification and dampness. Stages of syphilis.
6 g prescription ("sexually transmitted diseases, skin diseases unique secret trick"): Cork 6 g, 6 g of Scutellaria, 6 grams of Plantago, independent living, 6 g 6 g, cloves, red lady 6 g, 6 g Shan Jia Chu, iris, herb for 6 g, with 6 g Chuan Long Yi 6 g 6 g Lappula, 12 grams of raw land, soil Fuling 30 grams, 30 grams of long-nosed pit viper, 9 g Digupi 30 grams of Arctium Akebia 9 g Angelica 9 grams, 9 grams of rhubarb, pollen 9 grams of black and white ugly each 18 grams of, large maple sub-meat 12 g spot Spanish fly (go head and foot) 21 grams of, centipede (go head and foot) two first spot beetle, the red lady of glutinous rice and a little with the fry beige for the degree to m not. Nosed pit viper to the scales, together on the drug research to fine, 15 days standby with 1000 ml of wine dipping. 2 times daily service, each serving 30 to 45 ml, morning and evening hours service. In syphilis is not radical, toxic invasion of the bones, the whole body joints pain.
Prescription ④ (the Chinese STD treatment study "): Smilax glabra 1500 grams - 500 grams of astragalus, angelica Poria decoction of 400 g of first soil to take astragalus, angelica mix Wei Chao, dry grinding for the end of the honey for the pills. 15 grams each, three times a day.
⑤ The prescription (Dermatology Venereology unique secret trick "): Smilax glabra 30 grams, 10 grams Chuanxiong, Platycodon 12 grams, 30 grams of astragalus, 15 grams of peony, 6 grams of rhubarb, raw licorice 6 grams Shuijianbi day one , morning and evening hours service. For about 10 weeks after the onset of syphilis infection, fever, headache, sore throat and other systemic symptoms appear systemic many rash sores characterized to.
⑥ The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): Smilax glabra, 180 grams, honeysuckle 60 grams, 30 grams of licorice a daily water. This has the effect of clearing away heat and suitable for treatment with sufficient quantities of western medicine, while syphilis seropositive fixed,.
External parties:
① The prescription ("Practical Dermatology Venereology prescription Selected): 5000 grams, Chinese cabbage, washed and cut into 3 cm long segments of the end of 2000 grams of the green salt stratified scatter in the dishes, sealed one week after squeezing the juice plus Ammoniac 10 g, 100 g of calcined gypsum powder, stir well and refrigerate. Every day to paint the affected area 1-2 times.
Prescription ② ("TCM treatment for venereal disease study"): 60 grams of realgar, frankincense 60 grams Treats 30 g for a total fine, mix it with water deposited, swollen at the self-extinction.
Prescription ③ (in traditional Chinese medicine treatment for venereal disease): 30 grams of the herb, Chuanjiao 9 grams the Jianshui into the tank, the affected area the Guankou hot smoked, semi-hot pour drugs basin leaching affected area dry with clean cloth
Syphilis - Syphilis detection methodsA dark-field microscopyDark-field microscopic examination is an inspection of the Treponema pallidum. Darkfield, by definition there is no bright light under the microscope, it is easy to check the pale spirochete. This is a pathogen of great significance to examination, the diagnosis of early syphilis.Early skin and mucous membrane damage (one, two mold sores) can be found in the pale spirochete. A syphilis treponema pallidum in the induration of the chancre, ulcer secretions and exudate, and enlarged lymph node biopsy can be detected. Secondary syphilis treponema pallidum can be detected in the systemic blood and tissue, but the highest rate of skin detection. Early congenital syphilis, can be found through the skin or mucosal damage at the smear syphilis treponema pallidum. Recently, the amniotic fluid of pregnant women by amniocentesis, its for the dark-field microscopy observation, diagnostic of congenital syphilis.
2, syphilis serological testingSyphilis serology for the diagnosis of two, three syphilis, as well as to determine the development and healing of syphilis, to determine the efficacy of the drug has a great significance. Syphilis serology, including non-Treponema pallidum serology test and Treponema pallidum serology test. The former is commonly used in clinical screening and to determine the effects of treatment, one hour after the blood to the results, the costs are low. The latter is mainly used to determine the test, but it can not determine the treatment effect, once suffering from syphilis, this test will be lifelong positive.(1) non-Treponema pallidum such as serum test antigen test is divided into heart phospholipids, lecithin and cholesterol suspension, used to detect anticardiolipin antibodies. Since these tests have the same standardized antigen, a similar sensitivity. Commonly used three types: ① The venereal disease research laboratory slide test (VDRL); ② Serum not heated reagin slide test (USR); ③ rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). Can be used as a clinical screening, and can be quantified, for the Efficacy of② Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA); the ③ Treponema system dynamic test (TPI) (2) of Treponema pallidum serum tests include: ① fluorescent spirochete antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS); Such a test with high specificity, mainly for diagnostic tests.
3, Treponema pallidum IgM antibodiesIgM antibody detection of Treponema pallidum is only in recent years, new methods of diagnosis of syphilis. IgM antibody is an immune globulin used to diagnose syphilis has high sensitivity, early diagnosis, to determine whether the fetus infected with Treponema pallidum and other advantages. Specific IgM class antibodies to syphilis and other bacterial or viral infection, the body first appeared in the humoral immune response is generally positive, early in the infection increased with the development of the disease, IgG, and then slowly increased. IgM antibodies disappeared after effective treatment, the IgG antibody persistence of a TP-IgM positive syphilis patients after penicillin treatment, about 2 to 4 weeks of TP-IgM disappeared. Secondary syphilis TP-IgM-positive patients after penicillin treatment, IgM disappeared within 2 to 8 months. In addition, the TP-IgM detection for diagnosis of neonatal congenital syphilis significance because the IgM antibody molecule is larger, its parent IgM antibodies can not pass through the placenta, the TP-IgM positive, said the baby has been infected.
4, molecular biologyIn recent years the rapid development of molecular biology, PCR technology is widely used in clinical, so-called PCR or polymerase chain reaction, amplification of spirochete DNA sequence selected from the material of choice, so that the spirochete DNA copy increase in the number of selected, be able to facilitate the use of specific probes to detect, in order to improve the diagnostic rate. However, this experimental approach, which requires conditional absolute good laboratory and first-class technicians, few have such a high level of laboratory. With or pollution, you put the Treponema pallidum, E. coli after DNA amplification, make you laugh and cry. Some small clinics often fashionable brand to hang a PCR laboratory, Lazard eat and drink together, be self-defeating. In fact, diagnosis of syphilis do not have to make the PCR, the general blood tests can be.
5, cerebrospinal fluid examinationLate syphilis, neurologic symptoms, not after the treatment of syphilis, CSF examination should be for. The judgment of neurosyphilis diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this check are helpful. The inspection items include: cell count, total protein determination, VDRL test and colloidal gold test
2, syphilis serological testingSyphilis serology for the diagnosis of two, three syphilis, as well as to determine the development and healing of syphilis, to determine the efficacy of the drug has a great significance. Syphilis serology, including non-Treponema pallidum serology test and Treponema pallidum serology test. The former is commonly used in clinical screening and to determine the effects of treatment, one hour after the blood to the results, the costs are low. The latter is mainly used to determine the test, but it can not determine the treatment effect, once suffering from syphilis, this test will be lifelong positive.(1) non-Treponema pallidum such as serum test antigen test is divided into heart phospholipids, lecithin and cholesterol suspension, used to detect anticardiolipin antibodies. Since these tests have the same standardized antigen, a similar sensitivity. Commonly used three types: ① The venereal disease research laboratory slide test (VDRL); ② Serum not heated reagin slide test (USR); ③ rapid plasma reagin test (RPR). Can be used as a clinical screening, and can be quantified, for the Efficacy of② Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA); the ③ Treponema system dynamic test (TPI) (2) of Treponema pallidum serum tests include: ① fluorescent spirochete antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS); Such a test with high specificity, mainly for diagnostic tests.
3, Treponema pallidum IgM antibodiesIgM antibody detection of Treponema pallidum is only in recent years, new methods of diagnosis of syphilis. IgM antibody is an immune globulin used to diagnose syphilis has high sensitivity, early diagnosis, to determine whether the fetus infected with Treponema pallidum and other advantages. Specific IgM class antibodies to syphilis and other bacterial or viral infection, the body first appeared in the humoral immune response is generally positive, early in the infection increased with the development of the disease, IgG, and then slowly increased. IgM antibodies disappeared after effective treatment, the IgG antibody persistence of a TP-IgM positive syphilis patients after penicillin treatment, about 2 to 4 weeks of TP-IgM disappeared. Secondary syphilis TP-IgM-positive patients after penicillin treatment, IgM disappeared within 2 to 8 months. In addition, the TP-IgM detection for diagnosis of neonatal congenital syphilis significance because the IgM antibody molecule is larger, its parent IgM antibodies can not pass through the placenta, the TP-IgM positive, said the baby has been infected.
4, molecular biologyIn recent years the rapid development of molecular biology, PCR technology is widely used in clinical, so-called PCR or polymerase chain reaction, amplification of spirochete DNA sequence selected from the material of choice, so that the spirochete DNA copy increase in the number of selected, be able to facilitate the use of specific probes to detect, in order to improve the diagnostic rate. However, this experimental approach, which requires conditional absolute good laboratory and first-class technicians, few have such a high level of laboratory. With or pollution, you put the Treponema pallidum, E. coli after DNA amplification, make you laugh and cry. Some small clinics often fashionable brand to hang a PCR laboratory, Lazard eat and drink together, be self-defeating. In fact, diagnosis of syphilis do not have to make the PCR, the general blood tests can be.
5, cerebrospinal fluid examinationLate syphilis, neurologic symptoms, not after the treatment of syphilis, CSF examination should be for. The judgment of neurosyphilis diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this check are helpful. The inspection items include: cell count, total protein determination, VDRL test and colloidal gold test
Syphilis - latency
Syphilis incubation period is usually divided into three: (1) a syphilis. The chancre, the incubation period of 2 to 4 weeks, the external genitalia dark red hard lumps, shallow ulcers, cartilage-like hardness, the surrounding lymph nodes. ② secondary syphilis. 1 to 2 months after a syphilis, body skin, mucous membrane occurred symmetric generalized rash, rash, pimples, impetigo. Mucosa can occur mucosal spots, condyloma, infectious. ③ three Syphilis. 2 to 3 years or even 10 years after infection, the skin is kind of swollen gums, can also involve the bones, joints, heart, blood vessels, showing aortitis, aortic regurgitation and aortic aneurysm, invasion, and nervous as tabes, general paralysis (paralytic dementia). Congenital syphilis Early congenital syphilis, which is equivalent to two the day after tomorrow, but heavier. Late congenital syphilis and acquired similar, but rarely to the heart, blood vessels, and neuropathy. Substantive keratitis, nerve deafness, Hutchinson's teeth (incisors central cut marks, small, tolerant and equal), saber-shaped tibia..
Syphilis incubation period is usually divided into three: (1) a syphilis. The chancre, the incubation period of 2 to 4 weeks, the external genitalia dark red hard lumps, shallow ulcers, cartilage-like hardness, the surrounding lymph nodes. ② secondary syphilis. 1 to 2 months after a syphilis, body skin, mucous membrane occurred symmetric generalized rash, rash, pimples, impetigo. Mucosa can occur mucosal spots, condyloma, infectious. ③ three Syphilis. 2 to 3 years or even 10 years after infection, the skin is kind of swollen gums, can also involve the bones, joints, heart, blood vessels, showing aortitis, aortic regurgitation and aortic aneurysm, invasion, and nervous as tabes, general paralysis (paralytic dementia). Congenital syphilis Early congenital syphilis, which is equivalent to two the day after tomorrow, but heavier. Late congenital syphilis and acquired similar, but rarely to the heart, blood vessels, and neuropathy. Substantive keratitis, nerve deafness, Hutchinson's teeth (incisors central cut marks, small, tolerant and equal), saber-shaped tibia..
Syphilis - syphilis and sex lifeSyphilis due to long duration, thus requiring patients to active treatment. Especially an infectious secondary syphilis, syphilis in patients with early attention to pathogen transmission to others, so the ban to guard against sex life.
Strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection.
Patients with early syphilis to ban intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also try to avoid sex, condoms must be used when the sexual contact. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
If syphilis RPR negative, generally six months can have sex. Insist on aggressive treatment, rehabilitation
Syphilis - syphilis and hair loss
Syphilitic alopecia incidence of about 3% to 4%, hair loss is a anti-syphilis treatment, the hair is rapidly renewable.
Of syphilitic alopecia may be due to Treponema pallidum violation of microvascular head hair area, vessel wall lesions occur in the blockage, caused by poor blood supply, the hair follicle to a temporary obstacle, the development of the hair appear, such as beans or a size of the irregular the hair loss area. The hair loss area boundary is not clear, as rat bite or insect-like, occur in the occipital, occipital and side of the head. Hair loss occurred in the head area is large, hair length varies, this is due to the capillary hair loss region was the result of varying degrees of abuse.
Syphilitic alopecia is not permanent or cicatricial alopecia, which can be regenerated, such as anti-syphilis treatment in a timely manner, the hair can be 6 to 8 weeks of regeneration, even without treatment also renewable.
Syphilis - HealthSyphilis because of the long duration of late but also to the organizer of the patient's Palace cause irreversible damage, thus requiring patients to active treatment. In addition, a strong secondary syphilis, infectious syphilis in patients with early attention to the pathogens do not infect others.
(1) treatment should adhere to the early, the principle of sufficient quantities of medication. The killing effect of penicillin on Treponema pallidum, the side effects is small, as long as with the physicians to adhere to treatment, you will receive to reduce complications, cure disease, and early recovery of health. During treatment, their spouses also need to be checked, if necessary, treated. Require periodic review to cure, recurrence of symptoms, the antibiotic dosage should be increased.
(2) pay attention to the details of life to prevent infecting others: there is a strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection. Own underwear, towels, wash separately, sterilized by boiling, and not with others in the same basin and bath. Chancre in the genital, perianal condyloma, you can use Qingrejiedu, the dehumidification insecticidal herbal medicine Jianshui Fumigation Bath.
(3) patients with early syphilis requires the prohibition of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also avoid sex life, must use condoms when sexual contact occurs. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
(4) the occurrence of secondary syphilis will appear systemic reactions, this time to stay in bed. Duration of illness was attention to nutrition, strengthening the immune system.
(5) The duration of the illness should not be pregnant. If the patients with pregnancy, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Whether to retain the fetus, according to the wishes of the pregnant women.
Syphilis - How to stay away from pregnancy, syphilisPregnancy, syphilis, not only to give the pregnant women's health impact, the more effect on fetal development, leading to miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth. Even if the pregnancy can be maintained until delivery, infants born with congenital syphilis is also high risk. Pregnancy syphilis harm.
Syphilis during pregnancy is called pregnancy syphilis, either in patients with pregnancy formation, can also be infection of pregnant women during pregnancy.
Pregnancy, syphilis, not only to give the pregnant women's health impact, the more effect on fetal development, leading to miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth. Even if the pregnancy can be maintained until delivery, infants born with congenital syphilis is also high risk. Although some fetal development is normal, but through the birth canal, may still be in contact with genital lesions and infection. Data shows that the early pregnancy syphilis untreated women, the fetal survival rate of only about 50%, most of the fetus will become congenital syphilis children.
Women fetal survival rate of early latent syphilis in about 80%, but more than half of children in early childhood congenital syphilis children.
How to avoid the tragedy
Women of childbearing age should be with the doctor, to seize several key opportunity to take the following preventive measures:
A pre-pregnancy check. Syphilis by history, signs can be diagnosed; latent syphilis before being diagnosed only by laboratory tests. The incubation period of syphilis is the main reason leading to the occurrence of pregnancy, syphilis. Therefore, women of childbearing age should be carried out before planning a pregnancy syphilis serology. If you find yourself infected with syphilis should be suspended pregnant, the first systematic treatment. At the same time, spouses should check, and under the guidance of a doctor to decide the time of pregnancy.
(2) within 3 months of pregnancy screening and syphilis treatment. Such as pregnant women has been confirmed infected with syphilis, it is best to choose abortion; under the guidance of a doctor, adequate treatment of syphilis. Before 16 weeks of pregnancy, fetal nutrition supply by chorionic chorionic composed by two layers of cells of Treponema pallidum is not easy to pass through. After 16 weeks of pregnancy, due to the gradual atrophy of the trophoblast cells in the placenta, fetal nutrient supply by the placenta instead of the Treponema pallidum can smoothly pass through the placenta and enter the fetus. Regardless of treatment before pregnancy, in order to ensure that pregnant women of Treponema pallidum is no longer pathogenic in patients with pregnancy should be again full treatment.
Findings suspicious positive, should be regularly followed up the review and treatment. If the positive reaction, but the titer is low, you need to rule out false positives (such as autoimmune diseases, connective tissue diseases, viral infections, non-Treponema pallidum infection). , Treponema pallidum serum test false-positive reactions in the third trimester of pregnancy. Can not find the reasons for false-positive reactions, pregnant women should be the treatment of syphilis.
4 pregnant women late in pregnancy was found syphilis should be timely treatment at the same time, to determine whether the fetus being infected. ① The B-ultrasound. If you find that the fetus is a characteristic scalp edema should be suspected if the fetus is infected with syphilis. ② should immediately collect the fetal amniotic fluid darkfield examination, Treponema pallidum can serve as the basis for the diagnosis of fetal infection. ③ in childbirth, check the umbilical cord and placenta, umbilical cord vein wall can be scraped and placenta fetal side darkfield examination. Collecting blood for testing after birth, such as non - treponemal antibody (RPR) titer continued to rise to or higher than the level of the mother can be confirmed.
Determine the treatment. In order to prevent the toxic effects of antibiotics, it is recommended that the Chinese medicine treatment.
6 patients with breast syphilis lesions can be healthy infant feeding.
Syphilis - preventionThe prevention of other infectious diseases, should strengthen health education against sexual misconduct, followed by the following precautions should be taken.
(1) to track the patient's sexual partners, including patient self-reported and medical staff to visit Find all sexual contacts of the patient, preventive maintenance, tracking observation and necessary medical treatment, not cure the former spouse of the absolute prohibition of the sexual life;
(2) should be carried out on suspected patients preventive maintenance, do VDRL for early detection of new patients and timely treatment;
(3) found that syphilis patients must be forced to undergo treatment in isolation;
(4) suspected syphilis of pregnant women, should be promptly given prophylactic treatment to prevent the syphilis infection to the fetus; unmarried male and female patients, a cure can not get married;
(5) of patients treated, should be given regular follow-up treatment.
(6) put an end to perverse sex, advocating abstinence. If not careful, With suspicious of syphilis, a history of exposure, it is timely for the serum test for syphilis in order to detect and timely treatment.
(7) sexual partners, a comprehensive understanding of their sexual history and health status, if suspicious symptoms should be urged to its examination and treatment.
(8) away from home, should be noted that the utensils can carry "Fuyinjie" cleaning.
(9) normal sex life, pay attention to the genitals cleaning, disinfection.
(10) found that prevalence of isolation and treatment, cured before forbidden sex life. Sexual partners of patients to conduct the inspection or preventive treatment.
(11) in patients with late syphilis should pay attention to work and rest, to make the necessary functional exercise, maintain a good attitude in order to facilitate rehabilitation.
The cost of treatment of syphilis
Syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by the pale spirochete, Treponema pallidum, is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse, sexually transmitted diseases a. The cost of treatment of syphilis is one of the most talked about of the majority of patients, the experts pointed out that the cost of treatment of patients with syphilis is mainly based on the condition of the patient to consider the situation of the different periods of treatment costs will be a greater difference.
Strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection.
Patients with early syphilis to ban intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also try to avoid sex, condoms must be used when the sexual contact. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
If syphilis RPR negative, generally six months can have sex. Insist on aggressive treatment, rehabilitation
Syphilis - syphilis and hair loss
Syphilitic alopecia incidence of about 3% to 4%, hair loss is a anti-syphilis treatment, the hair is rapidly renewable.
Of syphilitic alopecia may be due to Treponema pallidum violation of microvascular head hair area, vessel wall lesions occur in the blockage, caused by poor blood supply, the hair follicle to a temporary obstacle, the development of the hair appear, such as beans or a size of the irregular the hair loss area. The hair loss area boundary is not clear, as rat bite or insect-like, occur in the occipital, occipital and side of the head. Hair loss occurred in the head area is large, hair length varies, this is due to the capillary hair loss region was the result of varying degrees of abuse.
Syphilitic alopecia is not permanent or cicatricial alopecia, which can be regenerated, such as anti-syphilis treatment in a timely manner, the hair can be 6 to 8 weeks of regeneration, even without treatment also renewable.
Syphilis - HealthSyphilis because of the long duration of late but also to the organizer of the patient's Palace cause irreversible damage, thus requiring patients to active treatment. In addition, a strong secondary syphilis, infectious syphilis in patients with early attention to the pathogens do not infect others.
(1) treatment should adhere to the early, the principle of sufficient quantities of medication. The killing effect of penicillin on Treponema pallidum, the side effects is small, as long as with the physicians to adhere to treatment, you will receive to reduce complications, cure disease, and early recovery of health. During treatment, their spouses also need to be checked, if necessary, treated. Require periodic review to cure, recurrence of symptoms, the antibiotic dosage should be increased.
(2) pay attention to the details of life to prevent infecting others: there is a strong infectious patients with early syphilis, late syphilis, although the infectivity gradually decreased, but be careful for protection. Own underwear, towels, wash separately, sterilized by boiling, and not with others in the same basin and bath. Chancre in the genital, perianal condyloma, you can use Qingrejiedu, the dehumidification insecticidal herbal medicine Jianshui Fumigation Bath.
(3) patients with early syphilis requires the prohibition of sexual intercourse, the prevalence of more than two years should also avoid sex life, must use condoms when sexual contact occurs. If the patient is unmarried, then to be the cure syphilis rear allowed to marry.
(4) the occurrence of secondary syphilis will appear systemic reactions, this time to stay in bed. Duration of illness was attention to nutrition, strengthening the immune system.
(5) The duration of the illness should not be pregnant. If the patients with pregnancy, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Whether to retain the fetus, according to the wishes of the pregnant women.
Syphilis - How to stay away from pregnancy, syphilisPregnancy, syphilis, not only to give the pregnant women's health impact, the more effect on fetal development, leading to miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth. Even if the pregnancy can be maintained until delivery, infants born with congenital syphilis is also high risk. Pregnancy syphilis harm.
Syphilis during pregnancy is called pregnancy syphilis, either in patients with pregnancy formation, can also be infection of pregnant women during pregnancy.
Pregnancy, syphilis, not only to give the pregnant women's health impact, the more effect on fetal development, leading to miscarriage, premature birth, stillbirth. Even if the pregnancy can be maintained until delivery, infants born with congenital syphilis is also high risk. Although some fetal development is normal, but through the birth canal, may still be in contact with genital lesions and infection. Data shows that the early pregnancy syphilis untreated women, the fetal survival rate of only about 50%, most of the fetus will become congenital syphilis children.
Women fetal survival rate of early latent syphilis in about 80%, but more than half of children in early childhood congenital syphilis children.
How to avoid the tragedy
Women of childbearing age should be with the doctor, to seize several key opportunity to take the following preventive measures:
A pre-pregnancy check. Syphilis by history, signs can be diagnosed; latent syphilis before being diagnosed only by laboratory tests. The incubation period of syphilis is the main reason leading to the occurrence of pregnancy, syphilis. Therefore, women of childbearing age should be carried out before planning a pregnancy syphilis serology. If you find yourself infected with syphilis should be suspended pregnant, the first systematic treatment. At the same time, spouses should check, and under the guidance of a doctor to decide the time of pregnancy.
(2) within 3 months of pregnancy screening and syphilis treatment. Such as pregnant women has been confirmed infected with syphilis, it is best to choose abortion; under the guidance of a doctor, adequate treatment of syphilis. Before 16 weeks of pregnancy, fetal nutrition supply by chorionic chorionic composed by two layers of cells of Treponema pallidum is not easy to pass through. After 16 weeks of pregnancy, due to the gradual atrophy of the trophoblast cells in the placenta, fetal nutrient supply by the placenta instead of the Treponema pallidum can smoothly pass through the placenta and enter the fetus. Regardless of treatment before pregnancy, in order to ensure that pregnant women of Treponema pallidum is no longer pathogenic in patients with pregnancy should be again full treatment.
Findings suspicious positive, should be regularly followed up the review and treatment. If the positive reaction, but the titer is low, you need to rule out false positives (such as autoimmune diseases, connective tissue diseases, viral infections, non-Treponema pallidum infection). , Treponema pallidum serum test false-positive reactions in the third trimester of pregnancy. Can not find the reasons for false-positive reactions, pregnant women should be the treatment of syphilis.
4 pregnant women late in pregnancy was found syphilis should be timely treatment at the same time, to determine whether the fetus being infected. ① The B-ultrasound. If you find that the fetus is a characteristic scalp edema should be suspected if the fetus is infected with syphilis. ② should immediately collect the fetal amniotic fluid darkfield examination, Treponema pallidum can serve as the basis for the diagnosis of fetal infection. ③ in childbirth, check the umbilical cord and placenta, umbilical cord vein wall can be scraped and placenta fetal side darkfield examination. Collecting blood for testing after birth, such as non - treponemal antibody (RPR) titer continued to rise to or higher than the level of the mother can be confirmed.
Determine the treatment. In order to prevent the toxic effects of antibiotics, it is recommended that the Chinese medicine treatment.
6 patients with breast syphilis lesions can be healthy infant feeding.
Syphilis - preventionThe prevention of other infectious diseases, should strengthen health education against sexual misconduct, followed by the following precautions should be taken.
(1) to track the patient's sexual partners, including patient self-reported and medical staff to visit Find all sexual contacts of the patient, preventive maintenance, tracking observation and necessary medical treatment, not cure the former spouse of the absolute prohibition of the sexual life;
(2) should be carried out on suspected patients preventive maintenance, do VDRL for early detection of new patients and timely treatment;
(3) found that syphilis patients must be forced to undergo treatment in isolation;
(4) suspected syphilis of pregnant women, should be promptly given prophylactic treatment to prevent the syphilis infection to the fetus; unmarried male and female patients, a cure can not get married;
(5) of patients treated, should be given regular follow-up treatment.
(6) put an end to perverse sex, advocating abstinence. If not careful, With suspicious of syphilis, a history of exposure, it is timely for the serum test for syphilis in order to detect and timely treatment.
(7) sexual partners, a comprehensive understanding of their sexual history and health status, if suspicious symptoms should be urged to its examination and treatment.
(8) away from home, should be noted that the utensils can carry "Fuyinjie" cleaning.
(9) normal sex life, pay attention to the genitals cleaning, disinfection.
(10) found that prevalence of isolation and treatment, cured before forbidden sex life. Sexual partners of patients to conduct the inspection or preventive treatment.
(11) in patients with late syphilis should pay attention to work and rest, to make the necessary functional exercise, maintain a good attitude in order to facilitate rehabilitation.
The cost of treatment of syphilis
Syphilis is a chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by the pale spirochete, Treponema pallidum, is mainly transmitted through sexual intercourse, sexually transmitted diseases a. The cost of treatment of syphilis is one of the most talked about of the majority of patients, the experts pointed out that the cost of treatment of patients with syphilis is mainly based on the condition of the patient to consider the situation of the different periods of treatment costs will be a greater difference.
