Mumps-About Mumps:
Mumps (epidemic parotitis) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the mumps virus infringement of the parotid gland. Mumps is a common respiratory diseases in children and adolescents, and adults have the disease, caused by the mumps virus. The pain and swelling of the parotid gland of non-suppurative prominent symptoms, the virus may invade the glandular tissue or nervous system, liver, kidney, heart, joints, almost all the organs. Therefore, often can cause meningoencephalitis, orchitis, pancreatitis, mastitis, the ovarian Yandeng symptoms.
Mumps - Overview
Mumps salivary glands of three pairs, the parotid gland, sublingual gland and submandibular gland, the largest of which one pair of the parotid gland. Children got mumps, face swollen like a fat face. Parotid gland is located on both sides of the cheek near the ear lobe at the mumps when swelling of the parotid gland is the earlobe as the center, to spread around, so mumps in the community known as the "big mouth". In some places there are "pig fat" argument. Sometimes swelling is more serious and tends to "pig", so people also call such symptoms as "pig fat" habits.
Mumps is acute respiratory infections caused by the mumps virus infringement of the parotid gland, the patient is the source of infection, inhalation of droplets is the main route of transmission, contact with patients after 2-3 weeks of onset. Mumps mainly for one or both sides of the earlobe enlargement, swelling of the parotid gland often has hemispherical to the earlobe as the center edge of clear surface heating angle pain, local pain in the mouth or chew. Parotid gland swelling in the incidence of 1-3 days, the most obvious, and then gradually subsided, about two weeks the swelling completely subsided. 3-5 days in the early stages, may have fever, fatigue, and do not want to eat and other systemic symptoms.
Once a mumps, and children should be immediately isolated bed rest. The diet should be soft, easy to digest, avoid spicy food such as hot and sour. Because these foods are easy to stimulate the salivary glands, resulting in local pain intensified. To drink water, keep your mouth clean, mouthwash can also be used to compound borax solution. Swelling of the parts can be used TCM herbs, take 15 grams of natural indigo, or wishful golden powder 15 grams of proprietary Chinese medicines, water and mix thoroughly. The external application can reduce local pain, and help the swelling. While serving Banlangen granules.
Once the children got mumps should be isolated to the parotid gland swelling dissipated before nursery or school, in order to avoid transmission to other children. Mumps easy to be popular in nurseries in found that children should be strengthened morning check suspicious children have contact with children should be observed for 21 days, while preventive oral Banlangen granules. General continuous 3-5 days. It should be noted, gamma globulin on the mumps prevention.
Mumps - CausesMumps infection sourcesEarly patients and latent infection. The presence of the virus in the saliva of patients with a longer time, before the cheek swelling six days to nine days after the gills swollen virus can be isolated from the patient's saliva highly contagious, so in these two weeks. Infected with mumps virus, mumps performance, and other organs such as brain or testicular symptoms, saliva and urine can also be detected in the virus. About 30 ~ 40% of patients in a pandemic, only a subclinical infection, upper respiratory tract infection is an important source of infection.
Mumps - route of transmissionThe virus spread by droplets in the saliva (saliva, and contaminated clothing can also be infection) contagious than measles, chicken pox for the weak. Pregnant women infected with the disease can be transmitted through the placenta to the fetus, and lead to fetal malformations or death, also increased the incidence of abortion.
Mumps - susceptibilityGenerally susceptible to decreased susceptibility with increasing age. After puberty onset men than women. The disease can have a lasting immunity.
Mumps - disease symptoms
Mumps incubation period of 8-30 days, with an average of 18 days. Mostly more acute onset, no prodromal symptoms. Fever, chills, headache, sore throat, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, body aches, a few hours parotid swelling became clear, the temperature up to above 39 ℃, the adults are generally more serious. Parotid gland swelling of the most characteristic. Generally earlobe forward under development, shaped like a pear-shaped, the edge is unclear; local skin tension, shiny but not red, touch of tough and flexible, a touch of pain; speech, chewing (especially into acidic diet) to stimulate saliva secretion, leading to the pain got worse; usually the side of the parotid gland swelling after a four days involving the contralateral, and bilateral swelling by about 75%. Submandibular or sublingual gland may also be involved.
Severe parotid gland surrounding tissue, a high degree of edema, facial deformation, and can be difficulty in swallowing. The parotid duct openings early swelling and extrusion the parotid always without purulent discharge from the overflow openings. Parotid gland swelling in 1 to 3 days reached a peak 4 to 5 days gradually subside and return to normal. A distance of about 10 to 14 days. Submandibular and sublingual gland involvement, or separately. Submandibular gland enlargement, showing the anterior mandibular swelling and can touch the swollen glands. Sublingual gland enlargement visible tongue and floor of the mouth swelling, and difficulty in swallowing.
Mumps - diagnosis1, peripheral bloodWhite blood cell count are mostly normal or slightly increased, the relative increase in lymphocytes. White blood cell count can increase complications occasional leukemoid reaction.2, serum and urine amylase determinationSerum amylase of 90% of patients with mild and moderate increase, to help diagnosis. Increased amylase levels are often associated with parotid swelling degree proportional toBut increased the enzyme may also be made with the pancreas and small intestine serous adenosis related to the change.3, serology(1) and antibody test: low titer, such as 1:2 ie, prompted current infection. Application of gel hemolysis test (gel hemolysis test) in recent years, is consistent with the neutralization test, while the simple and rapid detection of neutralizing antibodies, but the method needs further improvement.(2) Complement fixation test: diagnostic value of the suspected cases, double serum titer (early in the course and the 2 to 3 weeks) increased more than four times, or a titer of 1:64 has diagnostic significance . Such as conditions permit, should be simultaneous determination of S antibody and V antibodies. Increased S antibody showed that newly infected with the V antibody increased the S antibody is not increased, only previously trained infection.(3) The hemagglutination inhibition test: virus-infected chick embryo, the amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid can make the chicken erythrocyte agglutination, mumps convalescent serum of patients with a strong inhibition of aggregation was relatively weak, while the inhibitory effect of early serum , such as twice a titer difference of more than four times, that is the case of positive.4, virus isolationOther organizations of the early cases, saliva, urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid and brain, thyroid and other detachable mumps virus. Procedures than the complex, currently unconditional generally carried out.5, urine routine examinationUrine when the urine, renal involvement with proteinuria, red white blood cells, and even the change of the urine similar nephritis.6, the ECGThe electrocardiogram shows the combined myocarditis: arrhythmia, T wave flat, ST segment depression.
Mumps - the types of diseasesMumps is divided into pyogenic and viral two.
Suppurative parotitisInfection caused by bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus. Common cause: the parotid secretory function decline, more common in acute infectious diseases and frail patients; parotid duct port blocking; inflammation of the parotid neighboring groups silk; symptoms are fever, leukocytosis, the parotid local redness, swelling, pain, heat, when lesions into the suppuration of extrusion parotid pus outflow from the catheter port.
MumpsA higher incidence of infection history of exposure may be bilateral or unilateral involvement in early childhood or adolescence, white blood cells not only does not increase but reduce or almost local symptoms and purulent, but no purulent tendency.
Laboratory tests:
(A) blood: white blood cell count is normal or slightly lower, the relative increase in post-lymphocytes. White blood cell count can increase complications.
(B) Determination of serum and urine amylase: serum amylase of 90% of patients with mild and moderate increased help diagnosis. Increased amylase levels are often associated with parotid swelling degree proportional to
(C) serological tests.
(1) and antibody test: low titer, such as 1:2 prompt-specific immune response. And antibody specificity, but not for routine use.
(2) complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition test: Determination of early and convalescent serum complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition antibody, significant growth can be diagnosed more than four times (titer). Foreign enzyme-linked immunosorbent adsorption method and the indirect fluorescence immunoassay to detect IgM antibodies can be used for early diagnosis.
(3) virus isolates: patients with early isolated the virus in saliva, urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid.
(4) urinary renal involvement can occur when the urine protein, red white, and even similar to the change of Urine.
Mumps - treatmentMumps drug treatmentAcute suppurative parotitis early drug treatment, antibiotics, traditional Chinese medicine Jing anti-sepsis scattered flavors xiaoduyin; method of stimulating the secretion in order to maintain the smooth flow of saliva secretion. If the course of the disease for more than a week into the suppuration of incision surgery should be carried out. Viral mumps there is no effective therapy, you can use the aforementioned Chinese medicine treatment, Bacterial infections can be the use of antibiotics.
Mumps: also known as "mumps". Winter-prone disease, more common in the 5 - to 10-year-old children. Acute infectious disease caused by a virus Mainly transmitted by droplets and contact the patient after multiple in crowded places such as kindergartens, schools, barracks and so on. Once your child has suffered from mumps, and will never again be contracting this disease, because he has lifelong immunity. Most parts of the requirements of preschool children vaccinated. If you do not establish a lifelong immunity, you need to passive injection of anti-mumps vaccines. Inoculation Ma, wind, cheek triple vaccine or mumps vaccine can prevent the occurrence of the disease.
The early symptoms of mumps is generally lighter, showing increased body temperature moderate headache, muscle aches. Parotid gland enlargement is often the starting signs of the disease, 7 - 10 days, often the side of the parotid gland is first swollen, 2 - 3 days after the contralateral parotid gland appeared swollen, sometimes swelling only unilateral, parotid gland enlargement characterized by the earlobe as the center forward, the next expansion of the edge is unclear bomb sexy, touch, pain and tenderness, the surface of the skin is not red, can be thermal, mouth, chew especially when eating acidic foods The pain worsened. Swelling and pain in 3 - 5 days reached a peak and subside in about a week. Often the parotid gland orifices red and swollen. May have swelling in the ipsilateral pharynx and soft palate, tonsil to the midline shift; laryngeal edema can also occur; upper chest or edema, trunk, and occasionally a red rash or hives. Bring great suffering to the children, mumps, parotid gland pain, a small number of patients in the pancreas, meninges, brain, liver and heart will be varying degrees of damage. Serious harm to the body of this disease is not only the parotid gland itself, but its complications, should be highly vigilant and prevent complications. The common complications: meningitis, orchitis, and acute pancreatitis.
Mumps - Prevention
Warming in spring, a variety of large population of bacteria is a high incidence of mumps, it can be spread through saliva and so on.
Therefore, mumps epidemic periods, adults is best not to bring the child to a more public place.
Found mumps children treated in isolation, do not touch other children. It is understood that in the male infertility, some patients actually caused by the mumps. Mumps virus is particularly fond of the meninges, ovarian, etc. parasitic cause of these tissue inflammation.
Moreover, mumps also prone to meningitis. And more generally within a week after the parotid swelling occurs, manifested as high fever, severe headache, love to sleep, nausea, vomiting, neck hard. At this time should be vigilant, hospitalized in a timely manner.
Some of pancreatitis is caused by the mumps, the main manifestations were abdominal pain, often accompanied by vomiting, fever, abdominal distension, diarrhea or constipation and other symptoms. In addition, mumps may also cause hearing loss, severe cases can cause deafness.
