Onychomycosis-Onychomycosis disease:
Onychomycosis, also known as onychomycosis. Onychomycosis is a large class of micro-organisms called fungi infection. Onychomycosis lesions began in a remote, side fold edge or a department, the performance of a color and shape abnormalities. Generally 1-2 (toe) A onset, severe all means (toe) may suffer. Sick deck dull, brittle and damaged falling off the deck. Easy to relapse, summer and autumn and more ease. Onychomycosis mostly gray, and dull; significant thickening of the deck surface uneven. The quality of loose debris, and subungual keratin debris is often deposited. Sometimes the deck with a separate bed.
Onychomycosis - Category
1, proximal subungual type onychomycosis: rare, most secondary to paronychia. First crack at the deck near the nail fold (ie, the proximal end of the deck) white, and later gradually expanded into a spot, missing the final partial deck, extended to the whole armor. Only this type of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton rose due.
2, distal subungual type onychomycosis: a first performance of the remote (lateral edge) deck irregular small pieces of white, then become a dull gray leaf spot, and gradually becomes yellow-brown up to black. Soon the deck deterioration, subungual horny debris accumulation, thickening of the nail bed. Finally, the deck becomes atrophy, occasional bleeding. This type often by the red, gypsum-like, or Epidermophyton floccosum cause.
3, Superficial white onychomycosis: common refers to the nail. Performance of the deck surface with white spots or white 1 mm diameter the size of the plaques, a disease brittle and scraping off. This type of plaster-like only by Trichophyton or mold-like bacteria, caused by Fusarium and Aspergillus.
4, all dystrophic onychomycosis A: This is rare, and often more than the final result of the development of various types. A dull for the whole performance, deterioration, thickening or fragmentation, abnormal thickening of the left off the nail bed.
5, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis Influenza (or true Candida onychomycosis) onychomycosis: a bad performance for the whole, swelling, crisp, verrucous surface, uneven.
6, chronic paronychia type of onychomycosis: a performance of the lateral and proximal nail fold folds, cuticle deterioration or change the skin brown. The most important feature is the existence of a paronychia, a week of swelling and not a fold under the hyperkeratosis may be a small amount of exudate but no pus. This type resembles caused by the candida.
7, fungal alpha-onychomycosis: a strong performance for the athlete's foot (known as "athlete's foot") toe trench rot, water rash.
Onychomycosis - Clinical manifestations
1. Onychomycosis of the most common pathogen was Trichophyton rubrum.
2 There are two types of onychomycosis. A manifestation of white armor, and often start with a root, white point of the deck surface, and gradually expand, causing the deck soft subsidence.
3 Another injury to start a free edge and sidewalls started to make a small depression or a deck there Yokomizo, and gradually developed to the deck brittle, fragile, thickened, was in brown. Accumulation of subungual debris often easy to make a empty, tilt and separation of the nail bed, the deck surface uneven, rough dull.
4 decks of onychomycosis usually uneven, black, the deck often mild atrophy, without thickening, often accompanied by paronychia.
Onychomycosis - the diagnosis of onychomycosis
Turbid
Onychomycosis, or nail bed fungal invasion of the deck, due to a large number of hyphae and spores multiply rapidly, making a bed, a lot of horny material accumulation, the naked eye view, the deck becomes cloudy, opaque, so a fungal disease known as ash (toe ) A.
Thickening
Fungi invade the nail bed or deck, the deck by the fungi in the horny material of the role of a high degree of proliferation, accumulation of the horny material of the deck thickness. Thickening of the deck also deepened nail bed turbidity, generally it can be thicker than a normal deck of 1 to 3 times.
Uneven surface
As the deck or under deck skin loads, while the deck has been destroyed, so that the deck surface of the rough, uneven and dull. This rugged for both vertical and horizontal can also. Can also understand a disease of the main lesion in the deck.
Deck brittle friable
As the deck and nail bed fungal invasion, the role of the enzyme dissolved in the skin, the skin but white is dissolved to form a small skin particles, damaged deck lack of flexibility and toughness and become brittle, skin particles in powder form easy to fall off, become loose and complex was broken.
A hierarchical
Onychomycosis thickening of the skin to dry matter, clastic, brittle, it easily from between the deck and fell off a bed, making the meat refers to the original bond with the surface of the nail, the phenomenon appears hollow, that the nail is divided into 2 layers , refers to the meat surface and separated from the other isolated thin layer of a stick refers to the quality of meat.
Color
Deck or under deck fungi accumulate different fungal hyphae or spores themselves can have a color. Lesions, thickening of the deck can also be present colors. A skin disease under the deck at the things off, can enter the dirt, dirt showing color. Deck damage, debris off the deck after that show color. It was a dirty gray, brown, white, yellow, black.
Tilt deck
Fungi and hyperplasia of the skin under a lot of things stacked the deck so the deck's remote tilt was significantly higher than the state, this time a disease becomes hypertrophic, more cloudy, color and more obvious. Affected toenail tilt deck shoes, seriously affecting the quality of life.
Shrinkage of the deck
Deck smaller, thinner, shorter length, the deck is called atrophy. Deck may have furrows and crevices, ridges, irregular spots, dull or dark brown, was insect-like, a poor flexibility, easily broken, sometimes leaving only a parent material of nearly half of the deck, deck of a small number of patients completely disappeared. Shrinkage of the deck is divided into congenital and acquired deck deck atrophy atrophy.
Off deck
Deck of onychomycosis fungal mycelium and spores of damage, brittle, clastic, proliferation, accumulation of the skin surface, especially from the deck off, and finally completely off the deck, only able to save and root. At this point the deck feature lost.
Onychomycosis - the cause
Onychomycosis 1) Environmental factors: high temperature, humidity is an important ringworm disease-prone conditions. Therefore, the summer rainy season of psoriasis patients than in winter, dry season and more important. The patient's working and living environment should not be ignored. Well-ventilated place than closed, place the wet low incidence of nausea. High incidence of people crowded places, where the incidence of low contrast. In the high temperature, high humidity plant, in particular, to wear heavy clothes and poor ventilation can produce an environment susceptible to ringworm, without equipment or failure to take a bath shower, the incidence of psoriasis patients will be significantly improved.
2) personal factors: men and women can get ringworm. In general, young men and women more susceptible; love sports, good actors are easy to suffer. Ringworm is not genetic, it is not clear there is no familial predisposition. Personal hygiene and directly related to psoriasis patients. Ground Huanyi, people often bathe less ringworm; in a public bathroom wash basin ponds and poor sanitary conditions in the swimming pool of people infected with ringworm is easy. Keeping cats, dogs and other pets who easily pets of dermatophytes infection. Sweating more people susceptible to ringworm. Certain chronic diseases such as malnutrition, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, many see ringworm disease, symptoms tend to emphasize. Some severe, such as AIDS patients with advanced cancer, not only a high incidence of fungal disease ringworm, but ringworm disease widely distributed, the performance of strange, very stubborn skin ulcers. Ringworm is a fungal genetic disease may be continued healing of another factor. Recently reported the foreign skin disease psoriasis, a chronic syndrome, caused by the Trichophyton rubrum. Patients are also suffering from hand, foot and ringworm, (toe) tinea, jock itch, tinea, and multiple follicular psoriasis. Course of a long, stubborn intractable. According to the survey associated with autosomal dominant inheritance. Easily induced when too thick tight underwear jock itch, ringworm hip. Often than not take the toilet seat are susceptible to hip ringworm. Shower after swimming were not timely and susceptible to tinea versicolor (Hanban). In addition, bathing too frequently, like people are more susceptible to scratching the ringworm disease, it is because excessive bathing, damage the epidermis layer of protection; frequent scratching caused not only scratched, but also easy to be implanted in the affected area with fungal dander or spread elsewhere.
Jiufu certain drugs such as anti-cancer drugs, glucocorticoid drugs, the chance of ringworm may increase, will expand the existing psoriasis, heavier, which is the skin immune dysfunction.
Onychomycosis - Treatment
The treatment of onychomycosis can be summarized as the following:
The treatment of onychomycosis therapy in addition to use:
General topical treatment of onychomycosis should be selected according to different agents, there are soaking, cut local applicator and packet treatment and other methods. Need to remove the disease, treatment with A, it is generally not convenient oral law, but safe, no pain, no side effects. As long as the selection of appropriate agents, the effect is more ideal. Pure Chinese medicine bath therapy (topical) treatment of onychomycosis (hands, athlete's foot) main ingredients include: Smilax glabra, flavescens, white moss skin, silkworm, all insects, centipedes, nosed pit viper and other herbs, the use of large doses, large concentration of each wash, soak twenty minutes or more. Take the whole hand, foot and partial immersion method of treatment (usually need to soak the entire deck) in order to achieve strong penetration of drug to the stratum corneum and skin deep deck, the deck thoroughly to kill parasites in the skin and the skin around the cuticle in all the fungi, the Gray (toe) A general treatment has been radical, to prevent recurrence of the produce. In the treatment of patients suffering from onychomycosis fifteen days to twenty days grow new roots in a mean, a whole continued to grow after the new drug, a disease all cut off, the patient received radical elimination of the treatment process will not no side effects.
The treatment of onychomycosis pulling a method
This law applies to a single hair of onychomycosis. Surgeons can for the patients under local anesthesia means the removal of their disease (toe). In addition, removal of chemical substances can be applied to a disease. If using 40% urea ointment wrapped a disease, once daily medication, usually dressing 5-7 times, illness can be softened with a deck bed separation, this time can be a disease removal. The advantage of this method is more thorough treatment of onychomycosis; The disadvantage is that the larger the patient's pain, and may cause inconvenience to the patient's daily life. Therefore, very few applications of this method is currently only in serious condition, the use of ineffective treatments before considering other uses.
Surgical treatment of onychomycosis pulling a:
Under local anesthesia, the risk of a removal. This approach wounds, bleeding, easy to cause infection. Surgery generally feel more pain, due to "temporary solution", generally less than ideal, easy to re-infection recurrence. And heart disease, hypertension, diabetes patients, not surgery.
Onychomycosis is a common skin disease Hand, now, the vast majority of onychomycosis can be cured. Commonly used methods include patients with a small knife scrape a crisp, thin or fell a thickening of the disease, and then coated with 10% or 30% acetic acid solution of iodine, the disease can also be immersed in 10% iodine, or a goose Zhang Feng cure in a few months to adhere to treatment, you can give birth to a new armor. Treatment of severe onychomycosis, oral griseofulvin even a few months.
Onychomycosis - susceptible people
Fingernails or toenails turned white, it is often called "onychomycosis," modern medicine known as onychomycosis. Onychomycosis by dermatophytes, yeasts and fungi to invade the deck and the deck under the nail bed occurs a chronic infectious disease. Dermatology A fungal disease is the common disease, but also a relatively cumbersome treatment of the disease.
The performance of a fingernail onychomycosis cloudy and dull, nail hypertrophy, a surface is uneven, a separation, discoloration, shrinking the deck, off deck, the deck tilt or a hook, or the performance of paronychia.
The elderly, diabetes, immune function is relatively low, or nail trauma, easy sweating, wearing tight shoes and socks for a long time who are the potential of onychomycosis-prone population.
1, a fungal disease in the elderly the most
Onychomycosis in the elderly the most, and older, the incidence rate, 60 years old or older high incidence of onychomycosis, a fungal disease, and some elderly people suffering long as 50-60 years. Generally more common in men than women, toenail fungus disease than the common nail.
2, pregnant women more prone to suffer from onychomycosis
Pregnant women because of fetal intra-abdominal, all aspects of life is not easy, feet sweat more, bent and feet is more difficult, life and more lazy, and prone to a fungal disease, and rapid development. Toenail onychomycosis is more common than fingernail. Pregnancy or lactation should not be found in onychomycosis treated with oral antifungal agents, or give the fetus or infant adverse reactions, should be treated with topical antifungal cream as well.
3, onychomycosis in diabetic patients is three times the normal.
