Leukemia - complications(1) infection: leukemia caused by normal leukopenia, neutropenia, chemotherapy and other factors also contributed to the lack of granulocytes, so that patients prone to serious infection or sepsis. Often caused by infection of bacteria: Gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella bacillus. Fungal infection Candida albicans, Aspergillus, Mucor expansion head Trichosporon monocytogenes, these fungal infections occurred in patients with long-term grain cells intercalary or persistent fever, antibiotics are not sensitive to. Some patients receiving corticosteroids, due to cellular immune function, more susceptible to viral infections such as varicella zoster virus, herpes simplex virus. In addition, Pneumocystis carinii infection common upper respiratory tract infection and pneumonia for common types.(2) failure of intestinal function: radiotherapy means to influence gastrointestinal function due to the chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of leukemia, stomach failure caused by fear of the patient's nutritional supplement has become a prominent issue being used for cannulation of the subclavian vein to the superior vena cava high-nutrient infusion only part of the solution, and nutritional deficiencies can occur in complications such as pneumonia, enteritis.
(3) hyperuricemia: normal decomposition of nucleic acid metabolism, the daily urinary excretion of uric acid 300 ~ 500mg. Leukemia patients due to the large number of leukemia cell nucleic acid decomposition of uric acid excretion to increase the number of times. Hyperuricemia, corticosteroids can increase uric acid disease patients receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other treatment, high concentrations of uric acid soon supersaturation and precipitation, causing renal passenger extensive damage and the uric acid stones can lead to oliguria, anuria. Leukemia patients is necessary to add more full of liquid, in order to guarantee a certain amount of urine, and taking allopurinol hold in the mouth alcohol, such as the occurrence of renal failure will have to limit the amount of fluid, and for dialysis treatment.
(4) bleeding: leukemia patients due to malignant proliferation of leukemic cells, platelets significantly reduced easily cause respiratory, digestive, urinary bleeding, especially intracranial hemorrhage, so you want to play according to the cause to take positive measures to stop bleeding, including transfusion of platelet concentrates.
(5) lung disease: leukemia patients with normal mature neutropenia, immune function, often leading to lung infections. In addition, leukemia cells, infiltration can block small blood vessels of lung, bronchial and respiratory distress, respiratory distress syndrome, chest X-ray may have a ground glass or miliary mesh can be used for experimental treatment for lung radiation.
(6) The electrolyte imbalance: White backlog disease treatment, often because of the leukemia cells to destroy too much or because of the chemotherapy drug-induced renal damage causes excessive emission of potassium. Because of chemotherapy caused by poor diet For digestive disorders, and included in the amount of the shortage of hypokalemia. Destruction of phosphorus release increased, resulting in low calcium or because of the leukemia cells. Therefore, in the course of treatment should pay attention to potassium, calcium, sodium and electrolyte concentration.
(7) disseminated intravascular disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC): a severe bleeding syndrome.
Leukemia - Care
1, the use of chemotherapy drugs when
(1) master chemotherapy regimens: the route of administration, and close observation of the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. Intrathecal injection of the drug concentration should not be too large, spray volume should not be excessive, should be slow to push need supine after 4 to 6 hours in order to reduce adverse reactions.
(2) skilled puncture technique: the chemotherapy drug administered intravenously. And there is a strong irritant. Drug leakage can cause local pain, swelling and tissue necrosis. Injection should be confirmed before being injected into the vein patency. Light of certain drugs can cause decomposition. As required in the methotrexate intravenous infusion of black paper wrapped in the dark to avoid drug decomposition. The operation is best to wear disposable gloves for protection against liquid contamination operator.
2, the transfusion of care: the bone marrow temporarily regeneration of the lower is the inevitable result of effective chemotherapy. Leukemia during treatment often need to lose blood components or blood transfusions to support treatment. The infusion should be strict transfusion system. The first slow drip observed for 15 minutes, in the absence of adverse reactions, and then children age, cardiopulmonary function, adjust the drip rate of acute and chronic anemia and the degree of anemia. Blood transfusion due to adverse reactions during blood transfusions should be closely observed.
3, increase nutrition: diet health, given the high protein, high vitamin, high-calorie diet. Encourage children to eat. Food utensils should be disinfected, the fruit should be washed, peeled.
Psychological barriers
Leukemia - TreatmentLeukemia leukemia treatment according to different types of drug therapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and Chinese medicine. Some high-risk patients, the need for bone marrow transplantation. With the progress of molecular biology, genetics, leukemia and the prognosis is greatly improved. "The leukemia is an incurable disease" has become the past. Formal, systematic treatment can make the most of the leukemia patients with long-term disease-free survival, or even cured.
Leukemia - traditional Chinese medicine treatment
Leukemia belong to the "radical labor" in Chinese medicine, "hyperlipidemia" and other areas, chronic leukemia, liver, spleen, lymph nodes based symptoms mostly Zhengjia "accumulation", "scrofula" category. Chinese medicine believes that the pathogenesis of this disease "because of virtual pathogenic" and "illness caused by virtual" two points of view, the former that the disease is first physically weak internal injuries, then the evil scrape together; while the latter believe that the first cult poison within the V , and then lead to positive virtual Xie Sheng. However, according to the clinical manifestations of this disease, most scholars believe that this disease is the actual situation and president, the vacuity of the card. TCM believes that stasis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease to a collection of chemotherapy can improve the response rate for this disease, reduce the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine to promote normal bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell proliferation, differentiation, maturation and release contribute to leukemia chemotherapy and hematopoietic function recovery.
Leukemia - chemotherapy
There are some differences in acute and chronic treatment. First have to choose chemotherapy, regardless of which type of myeloid or myelogenous, acute or chronic, or preferred are the chemotherapy. Only chemotherapy drug different types of acute leukemia with chemotherapy intravenous chemotherapy, drug use softeners, etc.. Treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in the course of chronic phase, accelerated phase, blastic phase three stages take different approaches to treatment. Of course, chemotherapy exists a certain toxic effects and adverse reactions.
Leukemia - immune therapy
Interferon is part of the immunotherapy. Immunotherapy is a treatment of immune cells, there is a drug treatment, the treatment of immune cells is the patient's cells isolated from the blood inside, turned it into a killer cells in vitro by cytokines, and then back to input into the blood stream such killer cells can recognize tumor cell destruction.
Leukemia - immune therapy
A. Activation of phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, harmful T cells, immune cells, induced by leukocidin, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and other cytokines secretion.Two. Induced apoptosis in cancer cells.3. Synergy with immune therapy (interferon-α 2b).4. Slow down the patients with advanced cancer pain, increase appetite, improve patients' quality of life.5 Enhance immunity. Selenium can effectively suppress the deterioration of cells.
Leukemia - Targeted Therapy
Targeted therapy drugs are new drugs, the oldest drugs, but also listed seven or eight years, originally approved in certain types of cancer drugs, but later found the multi-application in cancer treatment, but it is important to note that The focus of targeted therapy in the beginning of the marketing approval is not to heal, but is used to extend the life of the late patients.
Just discovered the cancer patients, if the initial surgical resection and has hope of a cure, it is best to follow doctor's orders, taken before surgery cancer excision, do not knife you want to direct use of targeted therapy, otherwise they may even delay treatment, missed a golden opportunity to cure.
Until now, the best target therapy, the best results, but also to extend life, reduce the relapse rate, it has yet to fully cure the report, so you want to cure leukemia, or rely on early detection, early symptomatic treatment only line.
Leukemia - psychological treatment
Western medicine, Chinese medicine, and attach great importance to the important role of psychological factors in cancer prevention. Psychotherapy allows people a correct understanding of cancer, to establish the confidence and the fight against cancer, open-minded people, emotional stability, hearty spirit, able to assist and help of drugs or other therapies to enhance efficacy, so that the symptoms have been alleviated. Thus, it is also a leukemia treatment in the not inconsiderable part of the content
Leukemia - therapeutic1, fresh mushrooms cabbage dumplings Recipe: flour, cabbage, 500 grams, 100 grams of fresh mushrooms and spices to taste.Efficacy: detoxification cancer. Indications: for leukemia, uterine cancer, skin cancer, sarcoma. 2, Mushroom braised tofuRecipe: Mushroom 15 g, 1 small piece of tofu, the end of the ham, peas 10 grams and proper seasoning. Usage: table food. Effects: Spleen and Stomach. Indications: for lung disease, leukemia, anemia, infants and young children, calcium deficiency, iron deficiency embolism. 3 garlic fried mussel meatRecipe: garlic, 250 g mussel meat, garlic, 2 and spices to taste. Efficacy: detoxification, anti-cancer diuretic. Indications: can be used as adjuvant therapy of malignant tumors, leukemia. 4 garlic tofu .Recipe soft tofu 400 grams, 100 grams of green garlic, spices to taste. Method for making vegetable oil, to be down to the Liucheng hot, add garlic segment stir-fry until soft, join chunks fried side and add the right amount of rice wine, soy sauce, salt, sugar and other spices, plus a little water to boil. hook thin gravy, transferred to MSG. The efficacy of tonic and detoxification. Indications of the diet of all cancer and leukemia patients. 5, the garlic burn eggplant The recipe: 25 g garlic, eggplant 500 grams salt 2 grams, 5 grams of sugar, 10 grams of soy sauce, MSG 1 gram, 5 grams of ginger, light blue, 10 g, 10 g of dry starch, 50 g vegetable oil, broth, 200 g.Effects: cool blood, qi and stagnation, Lee wet, Xie cult poison. Attending applies to the purpura, leukemia treatment. 6, toad boiled eggsRecipe: Toad (live) an egg one. Usage: take the eggs to eat on the 7th for a course, to observe the symptoms and blood, such as adverse reactions, then serving. Efficacy: detoxification cancer, and uphold. Indications: acute leukemia. 7, ShiquandabutangFormula: Astragalus, Codonopsis, Poria, Atractylodes, Rehmannia, peony root 10 g, 5 g of Angelica, 5 grams of cinnamon, Chuanxiong, licorice all three grams, jujube 12, ginger 20 grams, Feed a half old ducks half, pork 250 g, 250 g Pork bellies, squid 50 g, 500 g stick bone, 50 grams of mushrooms, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, peanuts, pepper, salt, pepper, onion festival, cooking wine, MSG, the amount. Usage: 1 day, 1 bowl each morning empty stomach. Efficacy: Astragalus, Codonopsis, Atractylodes, Poria, Licorice, the jujube Buzhongyiqi, Spleen and Stomach Health, Angelica, Rehmannia, Chuanxiong, white peony root, squid, Fei Ji, duck, pork, peanuts, rod bone Yin and blood , cinnamon yang and blood. This product is qi and blood, spleen and stomach, to help weak. Indications: the disease for a long time physically weak, loss of yin and yang, the adjuvant treatment of leukemia, leukopenia. 8, melon yi rice soup The recipe: 300 grams of melon, Coix and 30 g. System of law: both cook 1 hour. Usage: Decoction soup, salt or sugar to taste, daily or every other day. Efficacy: spleen dampness, heat detoxification. Indications: to promote the role of cellular immunity and humoral immunity, certain anti-cancer role for adjuvant therapy of leukemia and other tumors for diseases caused by poor immune function in children.
Leukemia - diet principleLeukemia patients in nutrition and dining should be noted that those who do?
Leukemia information about foods, high proteinLeukemia blood cells with the pathological changes caused by the consumption of these patients the body protein is much greater than normal, only a supplementary quantity of high quality protein to maintain the function of various tissues and organs. Proteins also constitute the antibodies protect the body from bacteria and viruses, enhance the role of body resistance. Therefore, in patients with leukemia intake of high protein diet, in particular, more choice of good quality, digestion and absorption rate of the animal protein and soy protein such as eggs, dairy, fish, lean meat, animal blood, animal offal, tofu, bean curd, tofu, yuba, soy milk. To supplement the protein needs of the body.
The liver is rich in protein, vitamins and important minerals. Per 100 g liver containing 21.3 grams of protein, 35% higher than the lean meat, 30% higher than the eggs. Trace elements iron, selenium and copper content in the animal liver is rich. In addition, the liver contains more nucleic acid, it plays a potential role in cancer prevention. Leukemia patients often eat animal liver diet is of great benefit.
2, eat more vitamin-rich foodLeukemia, also known as "leukemia" clinical data to prove that the human body of about 70 to 90 percent of leukemia patients have varying degrees of vitamin deficiency. Foreign Medical studies have shown that eat foods rich in vitamin C, vegetables and fruits can prevent cancer cells generate diffusion. Intake of vitamin C, but also enhance the body's local matrix resistance and systemic immune function, so as to achieve the purpose of the control and treatment of cancer. Rape, potherb mustard, tomato, white Levin, jiucai chestnut Levin, hawthorn, oranges, fresh dates, monkeys, sea buckthorn and lemon and so on with vitamin C rich foods.
Vitamin A to stimulate the immune system to mobilize the body fight against cancer, resistance to the intrusive body of the causative agents. Containing vitamin A-rich foods are carrots, pumpkin, egg yolks, liver, cod liver oil, alfalfa, persimmon and spinach and so on.
3, intake of iron-rich foodsOne of the main manifestations of the leukemia, anemia, and to encourage patients in drug treatment at the same time, regular consumption of iron-rich foods, such as animal liver, blood, soft-shelled turtle, peas, black beans, green vegetables, dates, brown sugar, black fungus, sesame, egg yolk.
In recent years, was the trial of the treatment of malignant tumors of goose blood, achieved a certain effect. Leukemia patients should eat goose blood, method of eating a lot of goose blood, you can adjust according to your own taste edible.
4 small meals, easy to digestLeukemia patients, especially during chemotherapy, digestive system, often there will be many reactions such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea and other symptoms, then you can take small meals often eating meals outside, add some small , high-calorie, nutrient-rich foods such as cakes, chocolate, bread, quail eggs, dried fish floss, yogurt, kiwi fruit, fresh vegetable juice.
5, according to the disease, symptomatic conditioning dietPatients who have poor food satisfied, indigestion, it can supply semi-liquid or soft meal, such as rice gruel, liver Mo porridge, steamed custard, yogurt, bean curd, steamed dumplings, accompanied by hawthorn, turnip eliminate the conductivity of food.
In short, the leukemia patients with hyperthyroidism due to body metabolism, need to give high-calorie, high protein, rich in vitamins, minerals and digestible diet to supplement the body heat and the consumption of various nutrients. Especially during chemotherapy patients often have loss of appetite, bloating, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal reactions, should pay attention to the color of the cuisine, smell, taste, type, and to arouse the appetite of the patients.
Leukemia - preventionPersonal protection of personnel engaged in radiation work should be done to avoid exposure to excessive X-rays and other harmful radiation. Pregnant women and infants and young children in particular should be taken to avoid exposure to radiation.
2, the prevention and treatment of various infections, especially viral infections. Such as C-type RNA viruses.
3, prudent use of certain drugs such as chloramphenicol, phenylbutazone, some antiviral drugs, anticancer drugs and immunosuppressive agents, etc., should avoid long-term use or abuse.
4, to avoid exposure to certain carcinogens do a good job in occupational protection and monitoring. In the process of production of phenol, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, spices, pharmaceuticals pesticides, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, dyes, etc., be taken to avoid exposure to harmful toxic substances.
Leukemia at high risk of regular census should be prepared to pay particular attention to the of leukemia alarm and early symptoms. Conditions can be given for angel energy source to do the preventive treatment.
