Cystitis-What is cystitis?
Cystitis (cystitis) is one of the most common disorders of the urinary tract, almost entirely secondary infection, particularly common in women. Of the disease in the majority of cases not appear as a separate disease, but rather part of the urinary tract infections or other diseases of the urinary system, secondary infection. Bladder can be divided into acute and chronic inflammation, both can be transformed into each other the acute cystitis lack definitive treatment can be persistent into chronic, chronic cystitis in the lower body resistance or the local lesions factors heavier, can be converted into acute attack. Women merger urethritis in men is often associated with prostatitis. Normal bladder mucosa has resistance to infection, and due to urine frequently emptying, it is not easy to inflammation; gall bladder urethral obstruction (such as an enlarged prostate, urethral stricture) or bladder lesions (such as stones, foreign bodies, cancer and indwelling catheter) when susceptible. The most common pathogen E. coli and Proteus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, followed by often rose from the urethra (such as prostate vesiculitis, vaginitis) or down to the bladder from the kidney (pyelonephritis), adjacent inflammation ( such as pelvic inflammatory disease) can also be spread through the lymphatic or direct extension and.
Cystitis - OverviewCystitis is a common urinary tract infections, accounting for about 50% of the total number of urinary tract infections to 70%. Caused by bacterial infection. The bacteria most of the E. coli.Usually occur in women, because the female urethra is shorter than the male urethra, and close to the anus, E. coli is easy invade.
Is that the most typical symptoms of cystitis urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria and even urge incontinence, hematuria and pyuria.
The adult women cystitis mainly for urinary tract irritation (bladder irritation), frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, urinary discomfort and other symptoms. Many white blood cells in urine, occasional hematuria, or even gross hematuria. Generally no obvious symptoms of systemic poisoning, the small number of patients with low back pain, fever (usually no more than 38 ° C). Check blood, no significant increase in white blood cell count is usually.
Cystitis prone menstrual period and after intercourse, urinary tract, gynecological equipment inspection. The disease has a tendency to whites, about 40% in the 7 to 10 days of self-healing. Cystitis cure from happening again is very common, but the majority (80%) re-infection, and recurrence is rare.
The cystitis Men rarely develop the disease. But men can not be ignored cystitis. Men if urinary tract obstruction such as benign prostatic hypertrophy or bladder stones, foreign bodies are also susceptible to cystitis. Male cystitis have potential severity, because it is usually caused by some sort, such as obstruction or tumor potential of urinary tract diseases, or caused by a spread of infection of the urinary tract elsewhere. The symptoms include urinary frequency, urgency, itching, burning, and blood in the urine.These symptoms may be secondary symptoms, to say may also suffer from other diseases glass should be used to treat cystitis antibiotic drugs, and must be treated early to avoid chronic cystitis. At the same time, the need for a comprehensive examination of the urinary system, these checks for cystoscopy and intravenous urography photography check. Once you have identified the potential of the disease, it should be the treatment for the underlying disease.
Cystitis - CausesA lot of the cause of cystitis cystitis but most of pyogenic bacteria infection. Incentives stones, foreign body, tumor or obstructive lesions, including nervous system disease urination dysfunction. Cystitis acute inflammatory pathological changes in mucosal congestion and edema, bleeding and ulcer formation, pus or necrotic tissue chronic inflammation and mucosal hyperplasia or atrophy, granulation tissue formation, and fibrous tissue proliferation reduced bladder capacity; or concurrent blocking caused by muscle hypertrophy, increased bladder capacity and even the formation of diverticula change. There is also a special kind of inflammatory changes gangrenous cystitis caused by Fusobacterium, Clostridium perfringens severe bladder inflammation.Bieniao careful cystitis
Pointed out that according to statistics, Taiwan has nearly 40,005 thousand patients with interstitial cystitis, which women than men's, eight times, which shows women superhuman forbearance power "very easy to accidentally Biechu the wrong.
The typical symptoms of interstitial cystitis, urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, lower abdominal pain, hematuria is also a common symptom of.
The consequences of holding back urine may guide bladder fibrosis, reduced bladder capacity, even ureteral urine reflux, causing hydronephrosis kidney inflammation, pain will be doubled up in urine, the problem is that the location of pain may be in the urethra and perineum, must wait until after urination pain will be slowed down. In addition, a variety of sex or life pressure will exacerbations or relapse, showing anxiety, nervous phenomenon. So, usually want to put urine, should be ruled out, as soon as possible so as not to cause unbearable consequences. Most people in addition to urinary frequency, urgency, about 70% of people will feel pelvic pain, more than half of people with pain during intercourse, of course, also about five percent of the people in the middle of the night wake up pain, of course, this situation easily affect the work situation, even the role in the family can not take into account. If you encounter such a situation you want to do?
Healing Way: in case you accidentally suffering from interstitial cystitis, first, do not be flustered, a significant effect of drug treatment, follow the doctor's instructions, to improve personal habits to avoid anxiety, emotional stress, hot-tempered, mental and physical balance, it is fast you can get rid of that pain! So do not worry too much about it.
Diagnosis of cystitis -Acute cystitisThe more typical symptoms, generally not difficult to diagnose. Based on a history of urinary frequency, urgency and dysuria, urine routine examination shows red blood cells, pus, urine bacterial cultures per milliliter of urine bacterial count exceeds 100,000 can confirm the diagnosis.
Chronic cystitisDiagnostic aspects in addition to a general examination of the body, the most important is to identify the type of bacteria and drug sensitivity test results to find the cause infection persists or recurs. Chronic nonspecific cystitis with other types of cystitis phase identification, such as tuberculous cystitis, interstitial cystitis, chemical cystitis.
Cystitis - Differential DiagnosisAcute pyelonephritisApart from bladder irritation, as well as chills, fever and kidney area percussion pain.Bladder tuberculosisWas chronic cystitis symptoms, poor response to conventional antibiotic therapy, can be found in the acid-fast bacilli in the urine, urography nephroureterectomy TB change. The late formation contracture bladder.Interstitial CystitisUrine is clear, very little pus, bacteria, bladder filling pain.
Cystitis - clinical manifestationsMale cystitis symptoms include urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria and even urge incontinence, hematuria, pyuria, turbid urine, the smell of corruption, itching, burning, blood in the urine. Acute cystitis, urinary frequency, urgency, and often particularly evident in up to 5 to 6 times per hour or more, each time a small amount of urine, or even only a few drops of urination terminal may have lower abdominal pain. There will be a mild tenderness in the suprapubic area. Seen in some patients with mild low back pain.[1] acute cystitisOften sudden onset, urethral burning pain during urination, frequent urination, often accompanied by urgency, similar severe urinary incontinence, urinary urgency often particularly evident up to 5 to 6 times per hour or more, each time a small amount of urine, and even only a few drops, urination terminal can have pain in the lower abdomen. Turbid urine, hematuria sometimes, often evident in end-stage.
The suprapubic area has mild tenderness. Seen in some patients with mild low back pain. Inflammatory lesions confined to the bladder mucosa, often without fever and blood leukocytosis, mild symptoms, some patients have a sense of fatigue. Women new marriage acute cystitis called honeymoon cystitis. Shorter duration of acute cystitis, such as timely treatment, the symptoms disappear in about one week.
Chronic cystitisUrinary frequency, urgency, dysuria symptoms exist for a long time, and repeated attacks, but not as severe acute phase, a small amount of pus cells, red blood cells, or in the amount of urine. Cystitis timely treatment, the symptoms will disappear soon, this time patients do not take it lightly to adhere to treatment, by examining the doctor to confirm cystitis cure to stop and not to let cystitis into chronic.
- Symptoms of cystitisCystitis cystitis specific and non-specific bacterial infections. The former refers to the purpose of bladder tuberculosis. Due to nonspecific cystitis Department of Escherichia coli, vice Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The clinical manifestations of both acute and chronic. The former incidence of sudden, burning sensation during urination, and pain in the urethra area. Sometimes urgency and severity of urinary frequency. The very important point is that the above symptoms occur both in the evening and during the day, common women. Common terminal hematuria. When gross hematuria and clot discharge. Patients feel the frail weakness, fever, high fever, suprapubic discomfort and back pain can also be.Physical examination and sometimes suprapubic discomfort, but waist tenderness. Male concurrent epididymitis or urethritis. Female concurrent pelvic inflammatory disease and easy to repeated attacks.
Similar to the symptoms of chronic cystitis and acute cystitis, but no fever, symptoms for several weeks or intermittent seizures so sick fatigue, weight loss, waist and abdomen and bladder discomfort perineal area or pain, sometimes dizziness dizziness and other symptoms of neurasthenia.
Chronic cystitis in the bladder microscope, you can see the edema and inflammation of the bladder neck and the bladder trigone, the entire bladder presents sheet inflamed mucosa, easy bleeding, severe mucosal ulceration, sometimes covered with exudate. Inflammatory cells invading the mucosal and muscular, with fibrosis, bladder elasticity and reduce the capacity.
Cystitis acute cystitis diagnosis based on medical history and symptoms, midstream urine examination to be done. Urine pus cells and red blood cells for timely treatment, can be first urine smear row Gram staining, initially clear the nature of bacteria and bacterial culture, colony count and antibiotic susceptibility test provides a more accurate basis for blood after treatment leukocytosis. Acute cystitis avoid cystoscopyThe diagnosis of chronic cystitis need detailed comprehensive genitourinary examination in order to identify the presence or absence of chronic kidney infection, except for male patients will be the penis head posthitis prostate vesiculitis; female patients should be excluded from urethritis, urethral diverticulum, bladder prolapse vaginal inflammation and urethra hymen umbrella or fusion.
